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Lighthouse is a permanent file storage protocol that allows the ability of perpetual storage for your files. Using Lighthouse you can store your files forever on a distributed web. Lighthouse aims to be the best entrypoint to your files on filecoin network, abstracting away all complexities and with added functionality of permanent and long term storage.

## Private Data


![encryption2.jpg](/uploads/encryption2_7fbabc718a.jpg)


Till now, most of the data stored on Filecoin and IPFS network is public that can be accessed by anyone. Hence, you can’t store files directly on a public network that are sensitive like personal photos, patient data, enterprise data, etc. This leads to developers and users hanging on to build their own encryption layer to store data on storage networks and can often lead to bad practices and over burden of access and key management. This also further leads to centralised key management for files or bad user experience to manage your own keys for files. Not to say, the trouble caused by sharing the files to authorised parties is even more problematic.


That’s why we at Lighthouse choose to build an encryption layer and access control for users to store private and sensitive data on filecoin. Using this functionality, developers need not worry about creating their own encryption layer for users and managing keys via unhealthy practices. 
 

##  How it works


Lighthouse Encryption and Access Control uses BLS threshold cryptography to ensure that any file’s decrypt key and data stays consistent and is resistant to faults and attacks. Threshold cryptography ensures that even when some parties or nodes in a system are compromised the system architecture is robust enough to keep serving users and also ensuring the data secrecy.



Furthermore, Lighthouse at no point in time receives or collects decrypt keys of any file or documents. All decrypt keys are randomly generated and fragmented from the user’s end. After which, the shards are encrypted and stored on nodes alongside user defined access conditions. 


Retrieving keys has never been easier, our architecture only required the user to sign a randomly generated message, specify the CID of the file or document to be retrieved. After which each node validates the request and access condition independently and sends a copy of the key shards they have in their possession if the access condition(s) are valid which is then aggregated on the user’s end to decrypt the file or document


##  Use Cases


This new functionality will enable variety of use cases for applications to store their private and encrypted data on Lighthouse, some of which are listed below - 


- Encrypted backup of files on Filecoin


- Storing personal photos on dweb


- Token gated applications


- DAOs can store data generated by members


- DataDAOs building collectives of data


- Restrict access to files by owners of a NFT collection


- Sensitive data like patient data can be stored


- Enterprises can store their data on a distributed web for lower cost


- Recordings for web3 meetings


- Private code repositories storage


## Get Started


Checkout these [Code Examples](https://lighthouse-storage.gitbook.io/lighthouse/javascript/code-examples)


Fill in this [Form](https://airtable.com/shrPFC2TgojuOAYO4) to get free early access and get in touch with our team to receive custom support.

##  Stay in Touch


To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage/), read through the [documentation](https://lighthouse-storage.gitbook.io/lighthouse/) or jump in on [Github](https://github.com/Lighthouse-Web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3).

Encryption and Access Control for Web3 using Lighthouse

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[Lighthouse](https://www.lighthouse.storage/) is a decentralized storage protocol that utilizes the power of Filecoin and IPFS to provide perpetual storage for your files. Unlike traditional storage solutions, Lighthouse offers a number of advantages, including encryption and access control, as well as cost savings over alternatives.

![image2.png](/uploads/image2_bc79ea5e46.png)


Migrating files to Lighthouse is a relatively straightforward process, allowing you to migrate your files from any IPFS node which is on a public network, and it can be done using the CID (Content Identifier) of the files you wish to move. In this article, we will walk you through the steps of migrating both a single CID and multiple CIDs to Lighthouse.

## Steps for Migrating Using CID:
- Copy the CID of the file you want to migrate from your current storage provider.

- Go to https://files.lighthouse.storage/ and log in to the Lighthouse Files Dapp.

- Go to the Migration tab on the left side of the page.

- Click on the "Create Migration" button and paste the CID into the field provided. Press the spacebar, and then press the "Migrate CID" button.

- Wait for the CID to migrate. You can check the status of the migration in the "Status" column.

**NOTE: You can also Upload a CSV File containing a list of all the CID separated by a comma**


It's important to note that migrating your files to Lighthouse can take some time, depending on peer discoverability in the IPFS network, the size of your data, and the speed of your internet connection. However, once the migration is complete, you just created another replication of your file on the IPFS Network, also a Filecoin deal will get created for the migrated file by Lighthouse.
In conclusion, migrating your data to Lighthouse is a great way to ensure that your files are stored securely. Lighthouse is also cheaper than alternatives and provides perpetual storage. With its easy-to-use platform and simple process, you can migrate your files to Lighthouse with ease.


How To Migrate Your Files To Lighthouse

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## Introduction
Lighthouse is now bringing decentralized storage to the entire Ocean Protocol Ecosystem. Using Lighthouse — Ocean data publishers, marketplaces, and dapps will now have access to storing data on the Filecoin network leading to net positive value generation due to the low storage cost across thousands of active miners in the filecoin economy.

## Ocean Protocol for the new data economy

![1_7HiWEKsVLrh1ezHR8Wer5w.webp](/uploads/1_7_Hi_WE_Ks_V_Lrh1ez_HR_8_Wer5w_d5feae6b05.webp)

Data is the essential resource of modern times and is the new oil. However, unlike oil, which burns and exhausts, data sharing and usage lead to more innovation and a better digital society.

Blockchain technology has enabled a new data economy which is Ocean Protocol. Ocean Protocol bridges the gap between data supply and demand, allowing data availability for the researchers and providing a fair share of revenue to the data owners. Especially in the current market scenario, we have seen companies exert tight control over data and not let anybody outside access it.

Hence, this led to closed-source ChatGPT models at OpenAI and the recent acquisition of GitHub by Microsoft, leading to AI models being controlled and developed by just a few, due to restricted access to data.

## Lighthouse — perpetual storage on Filecoin

![1_X-d6MBzNHB0kOMsDdeptpQ.webp](/uploads/1_X_d6_M_Bz_NHB_0k_O_Ms_Ddeptp_Q_db9353d9e4.webp)

Lighthouse is a perpetual storage protocol built on Filecoin that allows storing your data long-term with a one-time fee. In addition, Lighthouse Storage provides encryption and access control functionality to store private data and create token-gated access to resources. Along with fast gateways to stream 4k videos through its IPFS Gateways, Lighthouse Storage is the feature-rich way to use IPFS and Filecoin.

## Decentralized Backend Storage
Ocean Protocol provides the ability to share data through its app-level interface, like ocean marketplaces and middleware, to compute over data using a privacy-preserving method, i.e., using data without it leaving the premise of the data owners. Data owners can also keep data with a trustful entity like Ocean Protocol Foundation — a non-profit organization.

Given the presence of web3 storage systems like Filecoin, there is a demand from the Ocean Protocol ecosystem to store data there. Hence, with the support of the Ocean Protocol team, Lighthouse Storage is chosen for the integration from the Ocean Economy to Filecoin via the Decentralized Backend Storage (DBS) created by the Ocean Protocol team.

This backend (DBS) provides the following functionality

- allow users to upload content

- handle payments

- push the content to decentralized storage using Lighthouse Storage

- return the storage object to be used in the DDO

- Hence, the aim is to improve UX for the data publishers on the Ocean Protocol and provide them with ways to store their data on a decentralized network.


![1_VrGLhETjXZ_UsAHLKm1ZCQ.webp](/uploads/1_Vr_G_Lh_E_Tj_XZ_Us_AHL_Km1_ZCQ_2a03aef88d.webp)


Filecoin microservice by Lighthouse Storage registers itself to DBS, using the Register endpoint every 10 minutes per the DBS Spec. The microservice exposes the following API Endpoints:

- GetQuote — Gets a quote to store some files

- Upload — Upload some files

- GetStatus — Gets status for a job

- GetLink — Gets DDO files object for a job

## Summary
Lighthouse Storage is now integrated into the Ocean Protocol, which has led to an important piece being attached to the data economy puzzle. The Lighthouse team will continue supporting the Ocean dapps, data publishers, and marketplaces to store data on web3.


Decentralized storage for the Ocean Protocol

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As the world is advancing towards a more decentralized web infrastructure, storage solutions such as [Lighthouse Storage](https://www.lighthouse.storage/) are becoming increasingly popular. Lighthouse Storage is a Web3 Storage Solution that allows users to store their files perpetually on Web3 using Filecoin. Lighthouse Storage can be utilized for creating a pay-to-view model, using custom contracts and NFT-based access control.

![Twitter post - 16 (1).png](/uploads/Twitter_post_16_1_df9e3f8bf5.png)

The concept of pay-to-view is not new, but with the rise of blockchain technology, it has become more feasible and secure. With Lighthouse Storage, users can upload their files with encryption, and apply access conditions to them. These access conditions can be defined using NFTs, custom contracts, time-based, or native token-based conditions. In this example, we will consider NFT-based access control.

**Step 1:**
Upload the encrypted file to the Lighthouse IPFS node. Users can choose to upload their files either using [NodeJS Encryption](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/lighthouse-sdk/code-examples/nodejs-backend/nodejs-encrypt) Upload or [ReactJS Browser Encryption](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/lighthouse-sdk/code-examples/browser-frontend/browser-with-encryption) Upload code example. Once the file is uploaded, Lighthouse node returns an IPFS CID/Hash for the encrypted file.

**Step 2:**
Apply access control to the encrypted file. Let's consider the example of NFT-based access control. The file owner can specify that only users who own NFTs from a particular collection can access the file. To do this, the owner needs to apply the access condition to the encrypted file. After applying the access condition, only the user who owns NFTs from that particular collection can access the file.

**Step 3:**
Once the access conditions have been defined, the Lighthouse view URL can be used to view the encrypted file, or the user can build a custom decryption view page using the provided [code example](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/lighthouse-sdk/code-examples/browser-frontend/decrypt-file). The user who has access to the file can pay using NFT or custom contracts. If the NFT is made a soul-bound token (SBT), the owner will not be able to transfer it to any other address, ensuring that the access is limited to the intended user.


Creating a Pay-to-View Model Using Lighthouse Storage

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## Introduction

Welcome to the beginner's tutorial on using the Lighthouse Python SDK for perpetual and decentralized file storage. Lighthouse is a cutting-edge file storage protocol that revolutionizes the traditional rent-based cost model of cloud storage by enabling users to pay once for their files and store them forever. With the integration of IPFS, Filecoin, and smart contracts on various blockchain networks, Lighthouse ensures data permanence, enhanced security, and cost-efficiency. This tutorial will guide you through the essential steps of leveraging the Lighthouse Python SDK to manage files perpetually on the decentralized network.

## Why Lighthouse Python SDK?

Traditional file storage models require users to periodically renew their storage subscription, leading to recurring costs and management efforts. Lighthouse Python SDK eliminates these hassles by offering a perpetual storage model, where users pay once and store files indefinitely. This innovative approach utilizes the robustness of IPFS and the storage capacity of Filecoin's miner network, guaranteeing file permanence and redundancy. Let's dive into the Lighthouse Python SDK to harness the power of perpetual decentralized file storage.

## Prerequisites

Before starting with the Lighthouse Python SDK, ensure you have the following:

1. Basic knowledge of Python programming.
2. Python installed on your computer.
3. A Lighthouse API token. If you haven't obtained one yet, sign up on the Lighthouse website to get your API token.

### **************Step 0:************** Getting your lighthouse API key [Files-Lighthouse-storage](https://files.lighthouse.storage/):

1. Go on https://files.lighthouse.storage/ and Click on Login
        ![Untitled (2).png](/uploads/Untitled_2_38e41c6325.png)
    
2. Select any of the login method and perform verification steps
    
    ![Untitled (3).png](/uploads/Untitled_3_d1135c53c2.png)
3. Click on API Key on the left side panel on the dashboard.
    
    ![Untitled.png](/uploads/Untitled_17c845650b.png)
4. Insert name for your API
    
    ![Untitled (1).png](/uploads/Untitled_1_bd76ea3327.png)
    
5. Copy the API Key
    
    ![Untitled design.png](/uploads/Untitled_design_8522f03964.png)

### **Step 1:** Install the Lighthouse Python SDK

Begin by installing the Lighthouse Python SDK via pip, allowing you to interact with the Lighthouse protocol seamlessly:

```bash
pip install lighthouseweb3
```

### **Step 2:** Import the Lighthouse Python SDK and Initialize

After installing the SDK, import the required libraries and initialize the Lighthouse client with your API token:

```python
import io
from lighthouseweb3 import Lighthouse

# Replace "YOUR_API_TOKEN" with your actual Lighthouse API token
lh = Lighthouse(token="YOUR_API_TOKEN")
```

### **Step 3:** Upload a File

Next, let's upload a file to Lighthouse. We can use the **upload** function for this purpose. We'll demonstrate both regular file upload and file upload with tags:

```python
# Regular file upload
source_file_path = "./path/to/your/file/or/directory"
upload = lh.upload(source=source_file_path)
print("Regular File Upload Successful!")

# File upload with tags
tagged_source_file_path = "./path/to/your/file/or/directory"
tag = "your_tag_name"
upload_with_tag = lh.upload(source=tagged_source_file_path, tag=tag)
print("File Upload with Tag Successful!")
```

### **Step 4:** Get Upload Information

After uploading a file, you might want to retrieve its information, such as the Content Identifier (CID). We can use the **getUploads** function for this purpose:

```python
# Replace "YOUR_CID_TO_CHECK" with the actual CID you want to check
file_cid_to_check = "YOUR_CID_TO_CHECK"
list_uploads = lh.getUploads(file_cid_to_check)
print("Upload Information:")
print(list_uploads)
```

### **Step 5:** Download a File

Now, let's download a file from Lighthouse using its CID. We'll use the **download** function to achieve this:

```python
# Replace "YOUR_CID_TO_DOWNLOAD" with the actual CID of the file you want to download
file_cid = "YOUR_CID_TO_DOWNLOAD"
destination_path = "./downloaded_file.txt"

file_info = lh.download(file_cid) # The file_info is a tuple containing the file content and its metadata

file_content = file_info[0] # Save the downloaded file to the destination path

with open(destination_path, 'wb') as destination_file:
	destination_file.write(file_content)

# The file has been successfully downloaded and saved to the destination_path
print("Download successful!")
```

### **Step 6:** Check Deal Status

Lighthouse allows you to check the status of a file's deal on the network. This can be useful to ensure that the file is accessible and replicated. Use the **getDealStatus** function to check the deal status:

```python

# Replace "YOUR_CID_TO_CHECK_STATUS" with the actual CID whose deal status you want to check
file_cid_to_check_status = "YOUR_CID_TO_CHECK_STATUS"
deal_status = lh.getDealStatus(file_cid_to_check_status)
print("Deal Status:")
print(deal_status)
```

### **Step 7:** Download Files by Tag

If you've tagged your files during the upload, you can easily retrieve them by tag using the **getTagged** function:

```python
# Replace "YOUR_TAG_TO_DOWNLOAD" with the actual tag name you want to download files for
tag_to_download = "YOUR_TAG_TO_DOWNLOAD"
downloaded_files_with_tag = lh.getTagged(tag_to_download)
print("Files Downloaded with Tag:")
print(downloaded_files_with_tag)
```

# Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to interact with the Lighthouse API for file upload, download, tagging, and checking deal status. You can now integrate Lighthouse into your own applications to manage files securely and efficiently. Keep exploring the Lighthouse documentation to discover more features and functionalities offered by the platform.

Remember to handle exceptions appropriately in your applications, and make sure to secure your API token to protect your data on the Lighthouse platform. Happy coding!

Getting Started with Lighthouse Python SDK

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# **Introduction:**

Lighthouse IPNS (InterPlanetary Naming System) is a valuable tool that enables the creation of mutable pointers to content-addressed data in the IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) network. While IPFS ensures content immutability by generating unique CIDs for each piece of data, IPNS allows for regular updates to the content while retaining a consistent address. In this tutorial, we will explore two methods to publish and update content with Lighthouse IPNS: using the CLI (Command Line Interface) and Node.js. By the end of this guide, you will be able to effectively publish and manage IPNS records, making your content easily accessible and updatable.

# **Prerequisites:**

**Before we get started, ensure you have the following:**

1. Basic understanding of [IPFS](https://docs.ipfs.tech/) and [IPNS](https://docs.ipfs.tech/concepts/ipns/) concepts.
2. [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download) installed on your system (for Node.js method).
3. [Lighthouse CLI](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/cli-tool/overview) installed (for CLI method).

## **Understanding Mutability in IPFS:**

In IPFS, content is typically addressed using CIDs, making it immutable. However, there are scenarios where content needs to be regularly updated, such as publishing a frequently changing website. IPNS addresses this challenge by creating mutable pointers to CIDs, known as IPNS names. These names act as links that can be updated over time while maintaining the verifiability of content addressing. Essentially, IPNS enables the sharing of a single address that can be updated to point to the new CID whenever content changes.

**How IPNS Works:**

1. **Anatomy of an IPNS Name:** An IPNS name is essentially the hash of a public key. It is associated with an IPNS record that contains various information, including the content path (/ipfs/CID) it links to, expiration details, version number, and a cryptographic signature signed by the corresponding private key. The owner of the private key can sign and publish new records at any time.
2. **IPNS Names and Content Paths:** IPNS records can point to either immutable or mutable paths. When using IPNS, the CID's meaning in the path depends on the namespace used:
    - **/ipfs/cid**: Refers to immutable content on IPFS, with the CID containing a multihash.
    - **/ipns/cid-of-libp2p-key**: Represents a mutable, cryptographic IPNS name that corresponds to a libp2p public key.

## Step 0: Getting your lighthouse API key [Files-Lighthouse-storage](https://files.lighthouse.storage/):

1. Go on https://files.lighthouse.storage/ and Click on Login
    
    ![Untitled (2).png](/uploads/Untitled_2_38e41c6325.png)
    
2. Select any of the login method and perform verification steps
 
    ![Untitled (3).png](/uploads/Untitled_3_d1135c53c2.png)
    
3. Click on API Key on the left side panel on the dashboard.
    
   ![Untitled.png](/uploads/Untitled_17c845650b.png)
    
4. Insert name for your API
    
    ![Untitled (1).png](/uploads/Untitled_1_bd76ea3327.png)
    
5. Copy the API Key
    
    ![Untitled design.png](/uploads/Untitled_design_8522f03964.png)
    

# Store and Update content on IPNS using Lighthouse:

## **Method 1: Using Lighthouse CLI**

- **Step 1:** Generate an IPNS key using the Lighthouse CLI:
    
    ```bash
    lighthouse-web3 ipns --generate-key
    ```
    
    This command will return an IPNS name and ID, which we will use later to publish the content.
    
   ![Untitled (4).png](/uploads/Untitled_4_21b432afa4.png)
    

- **Step 2:** Make a test file, text.txt:
    
    ```bash
    echo "Hello World" >> text.txt
    ```
    

- **Step 3:** Publish this file to the IPFS using [lighthouse upload](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/cli-tool/cli-commands/upload):
    
    ```bash
    lighthouse-web3 upload ./text.txt
    ```
    
    ![Untitled (5).png](/uploads/Untitled_5_52cd5e9668.png)
    

- **Step 4:** Publish the content using the generated IPNS key and the CID of the data you want to publish:
    
    ```bash
    lighthouse-web3 ipns --publish --key=8f4f116282a24cec99bcad73a317a3f4 --cid=QmWATWQ7fVPP2EFGu71UkfnqhYXDYH566qy47CnJDgvs8u
    ```
    
    You will receive a link that can be used to access the published content. This link will remain valid even if the content's IPFS hash changes.
    
    ![Untitled (6).png](/uploads/Untitled_6_b4a120c4b2.png)
    

### ****************Updating CID:****************

- Upload another file text2.txt:
    
    ```bash
    echo "Hello World2" >> text2.txt
    ```
    
- Publish this file to the IPFS using [lighthouse upload](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/cli-tool/cli-commands/upload):
    
    ```bash
    lighthouse-web3 upload ./text2.txt
    ```
    
    ![Untitled (7).png](/uploads/Untitled_7_b447b33b51.png)
    

- Update the content using the generated IPNS key and the CID of the data you want to publish:
    
    ```bash
    lighthouse-web3 ipns --publish --key=8f4f116282a24cec99bcad73a317a3f4 --cid=QmanCeGkwsaCUHaNT24ndriYTYSwZuAy4JDifdYZpHdmRa
    ```
    
    You will receive a link that can be used to access the published content. This link will remain valid even if the content's IPFS hash changes.
    

**List all IPNS** records associated with your Lighthouse account:

```bash
lighthouse-web3 ipns --list
```

This will display a list of IPNS records with their corresponding keys and CIDs.

![Untitled (8).png](/uploads/Untitled_8_ca5b79eb3f.png)

**Remove** an IPNS record:

```bash
lighthouse-web3 ipns --remove 8f4f116282a24cec99bcad73a317a3f4
```

This step allows you to remove an IPNS record if needed.

![Untitled (9).png](/uploads/Untitled_9_3d6314b401.png)

## **Method 2: Using Node.js**

**Step 0:** Get API keys from Lighthouse as explained above.

**Step 1:** Import the Lighthouse package and set up your API key:

```jsx
import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';
const apiKey = process.env.API_KEY; // Replace this with your actual API key
```

**Step 2:** Generate an IPNS key using the Lighthouse SDK:

```jsx
const keyResponse = await lighthouse.generateKey(apiKey);
console.log(keyResponse.data);
```

This will return an IPNS name and ID, which we will use in the next steps.

**Step 3:** Publish the content using the generated IPNS key and the CID:

```jsx
const pubResponse = await lighthouse.publishRecord(
  "QmWC9AkGa6vSbR4yizoJrFMfmZh4XjZXxvRDknk2LdJffc",
  keyResponse.data.ipnsName,
  apiKey
);
console.log(pubResponse.data);
```

You will receive a response containing the IPNS name and the link to access the published content.

**Step 4:** Get all IPNS keys associated with your Lighthouse account:

```jsx
const allKeys = await lighthouse.getAllKeys(apiKey);
console.log(allKeys.data);
```

This step allows you to retrieve a list of all IPNS keys associated with your account.

**Step 5:** (Optional) Remove an IPNS key:

```jsx
const removeRes = await lighthouse.removeKey(keyResponse.data.ipnsName, apiKey);
console.log(removeRes.data);
```

This step enables you to remove an IPNS key if necessary.

# **Conclusion:**
Lighthouse IPNS is a powerful mechanism for publishing and updating content on the IPFS network. By combining the benefits of content-addressing with the flexibility of mutable pointers, IPNS ensures your content remains accessible and updatable. In this guide, we covered two methods to utilize Lighthouse IPNS: the CLI and Node.js. Armed with this knowledge, you can confidently publish and manage IPNS records, creating a more dynamic and user-friendly experience on the decentralized web.

Remember to keep your API key secure and use it responsibly. Happy publishing!

A Comprehensive Guide to Publishing and Updating Content with Lighthouse IPNS

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## Introduction
In this tutorial, we delve into the innovative concept of Time-Lock Encryption on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) using Lighthouse Access Control. IPFS, often referred to as the distributed web, offers a decentralized protocol to make the web faster, p2p, and more open. On the other hand, Lighthouse.Storage is a Web3 decentralized storage solution, offering perpetual storage to store your data securely long-term.

The amalgamation of these two technologies brings forth an exciting feature – the ability to encrypt files and set conditions for their decryption based on specific blockchain parameters. One of the innovative concept it enables is "Time-Lock Encryption."

What exactly does this mean? Think of it as a time capsule. You can securely store a piece of information, and set a condition that this information will only be accessible after a particular block number on the blockchain like ethereum has been reached. Such a feature has a myriad of applications, from securing early-stage project details to establishing wills or contracts that are meant to be executed in the future.

## This tutorial will walk you through the following:

1. Preparing your environment for Lighthouse.Storage.
2. Encrypting and uploading a file onto IPFS.
3. Setting a blockchain-based time-lock condition for accessing this file on optimism chain.
4. (Optional) Retrieving the conditions set on a file.

Whether you're a blockchain enthusiast, a developer looking to integrate time-lock features, or someone curious about decentralized storage and its potential, this guide is tailored for you.

Let's embark on this journey and unlock the potential of Time-Lock Encryption on IPFS using Lighthouse Storage.

---

## Preparation:

Note: Ensure you have Node.js installed. If not, [download it here](https://nodejs.org/en/download)

1. **Install Lighthouse SDK and Create Wallet**:
    - Install the SDK globally:
        
        ```bash
        npm install -g @lighthouse-web3/sdk
        ```
        
    - Create a new Lighthouse wallet, which will provide you with a **Public Key** and a **Private Key**. Ensure you safely store this information:
        
        ```bash
        lighthouse-web3 create-wallet
        ```
        
2. **Obtain Lighthouse API Key**:
    - Generate a new API key:
        
        ```bash
        lighthouse-web3 api-key --new
        ```
        
    - You will be presented with an API key. Store this securely and avoid sharing it.
3. **Environment Setup for Your Project**:
    - Create a new directory for your project:
        
        ```bash
        mkdir lighthouse-encryption && cd lighthouse-encryption
        ```
        
    - Initialize a new Node.js project:
        
        ```bash
        npm init -y
        ```
        
    - Install required local dependencies:
        
        ```bash
        npm install dotenv ethers
        ```
        
    1. **Security Configuration**:
    - Within your project directory, create a **.env** file.
    - Inside **.env**, add your Lighthouse API key and private key:
        
        ```makefile
        API_KEY=Your_Lighthouse_API_Key
        PRIVATE_KEY=Your_Private_Key
        ```
        
    - Always ensure your **.env** file is added to **.gitignore** to prevent exposing your credentials, especially if you're using a version control system.
    
    ---
    
    ## Step 1: Upload an Encrypted File
    
    Set up a script, **upload.js**, in your project directory. Add the following code:
    
    ```jsx
    import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
    dotenv.config();
    import { ethers } from "ethers";
    import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';
    
    const signAuthMessage = async (publicKey, privateKey) => {
      const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider();
      const signer = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);
      const messageRequested = (await lighthouse.getAuthMessage(publicKey)).data.message;
      const signedMessage = await signer.signMessage(messageRequested);
      return signedMessage;
    }
    
    const deployEncrypted = async () => {
      const path = "Absolute/path/to/your/file.txt"; // Update this path
      const apiKey = process.env.API_KEY;
      const publicKey = "Your_Public_Key"; // Update this
      const privateKey = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;
      const signedMessage = await signAuthMessage(publicKey, privateKey);
    
      const response = await lighthouse.uploadEncrypted(
        path,
        apiKey,
        publicKey,
        signedMessage
      );
    
      console.log(response);
    }
    
    deployEncrypted();
    ```
    
    **Run the script:**
    
    ```bash
    node upload.js
    ```
    
    **Expected Response:**
    
    ```bash
    {
      data: [
        {
          Name: 'test.txt',
          Hash: 'ENCRYPTED_CID',
          Size: '58'
        }
      ]
    }
    ```
    
    ## Step 2: Apply Access Control Condition:
    
    Create a script, **access-control.js**, with the following:
    
    ```jsx
    import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
    dotenv.config();
    import { ethers } from "ethers";
    import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';
    
    const signAuthMessage = async (publicKey, privateKey) => {
      const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider();
      const signer = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);
      const messageRequested = (await lighthouse.getAuthMessage(publicKey)).data.message;
      const signedMessage = await signer.signMessage(messageRequested);
      return signedMessage;
    }
    
    const accessControl = async () => {
    	try{  
    		const cid = "Your_File_CID"; 
    		// Update this with the CID from the previous step
    		const publicKey = "Your_Public_Key"; // Update this
    	  const privateKey = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;
    
      const conditions = [
        {
          id: 1,
          chain: "Optimism",
          method: "getBlockNumber",
    			standardContractType: "",
          returnValueTest: { comparator: ">", value: "Your_Block_Number" }, // Update this value as per your requirements
        },
      ];
    
    // Aggregator is what kind of operation to apply to access conditions
        // Suppose there are two conditions then you can apply ([1] and [2]), ([1] or [2]), !([1] and [2]).
    
      const aggregator = "([1])";
    
      const signedMessage = await signAuthMessage(publicKey, privateKey);
    
      const response = await lighthouse.applyAccessCondition(
        publicKey,
        cid,
        signedMessage,
        conditions,
        aggregator
      );
    
      console.log(response);
    }
    
    accessControl();
    
    ```
    
    **Execute the script:**
    
    ```bash
    node access-control.js
    ```
    
    **Expected Response:**
    
    ```bash
    {
      data: {
        cid: 'ENCRYPTED_CID',
        status: 'Success'
      }
    }
    ```
    
    **Note:**
    
    - Only the owner of the file can apply access conditions
    - This only works when file is uploaded with lighthouse encryption
    
    ## (Optional) Step 3: Retrieve Access Control Conditions:
    
    Formulate another script, **get-conditions.js**, as:
    
    ```jsx
    import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';
    
    const accessConditions = async() => {
      const cid = "Your_File_CID"; // Update this
      const response = await lighthouse.getAccessConditions(cid);
      console.log("Condition:", response.data.conditions);
    	console.log("Response:", response)
    }
    
    accessConditions();
    ```
    
    **Run the script:**
    
    ```bash
    node get-conditions.js
    ```
    
    **Expected Response:**
    
    ```bash
    Condition: [
      {
        id: 1,
        chain: 'Optimism',
        method: 'getBlockNumber',
        standardContractType: '',
        returnValueTest: { comparator: '>', value: 'Your_Block_Number' }
      }
    ]
    Response: {
      data: {
        aggregator: '[1]',
        conditions: [ [Object] ],
        conditionsSolana: [],
        sharedTo: [],
        owner: 'Your_Public_Key',
        cid: 'ENCRYPTED_CID'
      }
    }
    ```
    
    ## (Receiver side) Step 4: Verify Access and Retrieve Encryption Key:
    
    Once you've uploaded a file and set an access control condition, before attempting to download or decrypt it, you might want to check if you have the necessary permissions (or if the conditions have been met). This step will guide you on how to do just that:
    
    **Prepare Your Script**:
    
    Create a new script named **verify-access.js** in your project directory. Insert the following code:
    
    ```jsx
    import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
    dotenv.config();
    import { ethers } from "ethers";
    import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';
    
    const signAuthMessage = async (publicKey, privateKey) => {
      const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider();
      const signer = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);
      const messageRequested = (await lighthouse.getAuthMessage(publicKey)).data.message;
      const signedMessage = await signer.signMessage(messageRequested);
      return signedMessage;
    }
    
    const getFileEncryptionKey = async () => {
      try {
        const cid = 'ENCRYPTED_CID'; // Replace with your CID
        const publicKey = 'Receiver_side_public_key'; // Replace with your public key
        const privateKey = process.env.RECEIVER_SIDE_PRIVATE_KEY;
    
        const signedMessage = await signAuthMessage(publicKey, privateKey);
    
        const keyResponse = await lighthouse.fetchEncryptionKey(
          cid,
          publicKey,
          signedMessage
        );
    
        // Print the direct response
        console.log(keyResponse);
    
      } catch (error) {
        console.log("Error:", error.message);
      }
    }
    
    getFileEncryptionKey();
    ```
    
    **Run the Script**:
    
    Execute the **verify-access.js** script:
    
    ```bash
    node verify-access.js
    ```
    
    **Expected Response (When you have access):**
    
    ```bash
    {
      data: {
        key: 'KEY'
      }
    }
    ```
    
    ****************************************Expected Response (When you do not have access):****************************************
    
    ```bash
    { message: "you don't have access", data: {} }
    ```
    
## Conclusion
By following this tutorial, you've encrypted a file on Lighthouse Storage and set a time-lock condition using the Optimism blockchain's block number. Before sharing or deploying any code, always remember to secure your private and API keys.

To know more [join our discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG) and get in touch with our team. Follow [Lighthouse on X](https://twitter.com/lighthouseweb3).

---

Time Lock Encryption using Lighthouse Access Control

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## Introduction to Secure File Sharing with Lighthouse SDK

In the realm of decentralized technology and applications, ensuring secure and efficient file-sharing has always been a top priority. Lighthouse, a notable player in this domain, has developed a robust SDK that aids developers in achieving this. This SDK leverages blockchain principles and IPFS, which stands for InterPlanetary File System, to ensure that files shared across networks are not only secure but also immutable and tamper-proof.

## Why is this important?

In traditional file-sharing systems, there's a central server where files are stored. This poses several challenges: from server downtimes to the risk of central point failures and vulnerabilities. IPFS and blockchain, as adopted by Lighthouse, circumvent these challenges by storing files across a network, ensuring redundancy and security.

Moreover, with the increasing emphasis on privacy and data protection regulations worldwide, tools like the Lighthouse SDK empower developers to build applications that prioritize user data security. By using encryption and decentralized storage, we can ensure that our users' files remain confidential, accessible only by intended recipients.

## What will you learn in this tutorial?

This tutorial will guide you step-by-step on how to integrate the Lighthouse SDK into your Node.js application. By the end, you'll be able to securely share encrypted files with specified recipients, leveraging Lighthouse's decentralized storage and Ethereum's robust authentication mechanisms. Whether you're a seasoned developer or just starting out in the world of decentralized apps, this guide aims to make the process straightforward and intuitive.

Let's get started by setting the foundation for our file-sharing application!

## Preparation:

### Prerequisites:

- Ensure you have Node.js installed. If not, **[download it here](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)**.

### 1. Set Up Lighthouse SDK and Wallet:

- Install the SDK globally:
    
    ```bash
    npm install -g @lighthouse-web3/sdk
    ```
    
- Generate a new Lighthouse wallet. Safeguard the provided **`Public Key`** and **`Private Key`**:
    
    ```bash
    lighthouse-web3 create-wallet
    ```
    

### 2. Project Environment Configuration:

- Create and navigate to a new directory for your endeavor:
    
    ```bash
    mkdir lighthouse-encryption && cd lighthouse-encryption
    ```
    
- Commence a new Node.js project:
    
    ```bash
    npm init -y
    ```
    
- Install the necessary local packages:
    
    ```bash
    npm install dotenv ethers
    ```
    

### 3. Enhancing Security:

- Generate a **`.env`** file within your project directory.
- Populate **`.env`** with your Lighthouse private key:
    
    ```makefile
    PRIVATE_KEY=Your_Private_Key
    ```
    
- To maintain security, add **`.env`** to your **`.gitignore`** file, especially vital if using a version control platform.

---

## Implementation:

### **1. Setting the Groundwork:**

Within your project directory:

- Construct a file named **`fileSharing.js`**.

### **2. Import and Initialization:**

In **`fileSharing.js`**, write:

```jsx
import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
dotenv.config();
import { ethers } from "ethers";
import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';
```

### **3. Message Signing Function:**

This helper function will assist in the authentication process:

```jsx
const signAuthMessage = async (publicKey, privateKey) => {
  const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider();
  const signer = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);
  const messageRequested = (await lighthouse.getAuthMessage(publicKey)).data.message;
  const signedMessage = await signer.signMessage(messageRequested);
  return signedMessage;
}
```

### **4. File Sharing Procedure:**

Implement the function to handle file sharing via Lighthouse SDK

*To ensure clarity and simplicity, let's break down the file sharing procedure into three distinct points:*

### **4.1 Initialize Variables:**

Set up the fundamental variables required for our function. Each variable holds specific data crucial for the operation:

```jsx
const cid = "QmS2NzycJoA7De33qMWwqyE2w3BL1i396qfwZiHBb1KuZh";
// CID: Unique identifier for content on IPFS.

const publicKey = "0x5D62F371206306F1ebd4573803F70772f1153186";
// PublicKey: Your Lighthouse identity.

const privateKey = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;
// PrivateKey: Secured key for authentication, stored away from the codebase.

const receiverPublicKey = ["0xea447D81825282D3ec02772f1ab045ec6227F3e4"];
// ReceiverPublicKey: Intended recipient's Lighthouse identity.

```

### **4.2 Authenticate and Sign the Message:**

With our variables set, the next step is to authenticate our actions by signing the message:

```jsx
const signedMessage = await signAuthMessage(publicKey, privateKey);
// SignedMessage: A verified authentication message for security.
```

### **4.3 Share the File:**

Having our signed message and our initialized variables, we're ready to share our encrypted file securely:

```jsx
const shareResponse = await lighthouse.shareFile(
  publicKey,
  receiverPublicKey,
  cid,
  signedMessage
);
// ShareFile: Lighthouse function to securely share your file.

console.log(shareResponse);
// ResponseOutput: Shows the result of the file-sharing action.

// To view the shared file, navigate to:
// https://files.lighthouse.storage/viewFile/<cid>
```

In the event of an error or an issue during this process, the catch block will capture and display it for our reference:

```jsx
} catch (error) {
    console.log(error);
}
```

Lastly, initiate the function:

```jsx
shareFile();
```

### **Full Code for Secure File Sharing using Lighthouse SDK:**

```jsx
import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
dotenv.config();
import { ethers } from "ethers";
import lighthouse from '@lighthouse-web3/sdk';

const signAuthMessage = async (publicKey, privateKey) => {
  const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider();
  const signer = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);
  const messageRequested = (await lighthouse.getAuthMessage(publicKey)).data.message;
  const signedMessage = await signer.signMessage(messageRequested);
  return signedMessage;
};

const shareFile = async () => {
  try {
    const cid = "QmS2NzycJoA7De33qMWwqyE2w3BL1i396qfwZiHBb1KuZh";
    // CID: Unique identifier for content on IPFS.

    const publicKey = "0x5D62F371206306F1ebd4573803F70772f1153186";
    // PublicKey: Your Lighthouse identity.

    const privateKey = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;
    // PrivateKey: Secured key for authentication, stored away from the codebase.

    const signedMessage = await signAuthMessage(publicKey, privateKey);
    // SignedMessage: A verified authentication message for security.

    const receiverPublicKey = ["0xea447D81825282D3ec02772f1ab045ec6227F3e4"];
    // ReceiverPublicKey: Intended recipient's Lighthouse identity.

    const shareResponse = await lighthouse.shareFile(
      publicKey,
      receiverPublicKey,
      cid,
      signedMessage
    );
    // ShareFile: Lighthouse function to securely share your file.

    console.log(shareResponse);
    // ResponseOutput: Shows the result of the file-sharing action.

    // Navigate to view the shared file:
    // https://files.lighthouse.storage/viewFile/<cid>
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(error);
  }
};

shareFile();
```

### **5. Running the Script:**

Execute the script:

```bash
node fileSharing.js
```

Observe the file-sharing response and ensure you can access the CID link to validate the secure file sharing.

## Wrap-Up:

Congratulations! You've adeptly shared an encrypted file using the Lighthouse SDK. Always prioritize the security of your private and API keys.

Secure File Sharing using Lighthouse SDK: A Step-by-Step Guide

Post finger.gif

# **Introduction**

In the realm of decentralized applications (dApps), user authentication remains a critical aspect. Traditional methods often rely on centralized servers, which can be a point of vulnerability. Enter Passkey: a decentralized authentication method that leverages the power of WebAuthn and Ethereum.

**What is Passkey?**

Passkey is a concept where users can authenticate themselves using cryptographic keys instead of traditional usernames and passwords. By integrating WebAuthn, a web standard for secure authentication, with Ethereum, a decentralized blockchain platform, Passkey offers a robust and secure authentication mechanism for dApps.

In this guide, we'll walk you through creating a demo app that showcases this integration using `create-react-app`.

## Use cases

Before jumping onto the tutorial, let us look at some use cases for a passkey type encryption on the decentralized web. **The use cases ranges all the way from:**

- Decentralized Social Media
- DeFi Applications
- Healthcare Record Management

**To more general application like:**

- Website and Application Authentication
- Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
- Secure Document Access

Basically anything that needs frequent signing for authentication can make use of Lighthouse Passkey authentication. 

### **Prerequisites**

Ensure you have Node.js and npm installed. If not, download and install them from [Node.js official website](https://nodejs.org/).

### **Setting Up**

1. First, let's create a new React app:

```bash
npx create-react-app passkey-demo
cd passkey-demo
```

1. Install the necessary packages:

```bash
npm install axios
```

### **Utility Functions**

These functions will aid in the authentication process:

1. **Fetching Authentication Message**

```jsx
const getAuthMessage = async (address) => {
  try {
    const data = await axios
      .get(`https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/api/message/${address}`, {
        headers: {
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
        },
      })
      .then((res) => res.data[0].message);
    return { message: data, error: null };
  } catch (err) {
    return { message: null, error: err?.response?.data || err.message };
  }
};
```

1. **Buffer and Base64 Conversions**

```jsx
function bufferToBase64url(buffer) {
  const byteView = new Uint8Array(buffer);
  let str = "";
  for (const charCode of byteView) {
    str += String.fromCharCode(charCode);
  }

  // Binary string to base64
  const base64String = btoa(str);

  // Base64 to base64url
  // We assume that the base64url string is well-formed.
  const base64urlString = base64String
    ?.replace(/\+/g, "-")
    ?.replace(/\//g, "_")
    ?.replace(/=/g, "");
  return base64urlString;
}

function base64urlToBuffer(base64url) {
  let binary = atob(base64url?.replace(/_/g, "/")?.replace(/-/g, "+"));
  let length = binary.length;
  let buffer = new Uint8Array(length);

  for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    buffer[i] = binary.charCodeAt(i);
  }

  return buffer;
}

```

1. **Transforming Public Key**

```jsx
function transformPublicKey(publicKey) {
  const selected_key_index = 0;
  let transformedPublicKey = {
    ...publicKey,
    challenge: new Uint8Array([...publicKey.challenge.data]),
    allowCredentials: [
      {
        type: "public-key",
        id: base64urlToBuffer(
          publicKey.allowCredentials[selected_key_index]?.credentialID
        ),
      },
    ],
  };

  return [
    transformedPublicKey,
    publicKey.allowCredentials[selected_key_index]?.credentialID,
  ];
}

```

### **The Main App**

Our main React component will handle user interactions:

```jsx
import React, { useState } from "react";
import axios from "axios";
import "./App.css";

function App() {
  // State variables for account, error, chain ID, keys, and token
  const [account, setAccount] = useState("");
  const [error, setError] = useState("");
  const [chainId, setChainId] = useState("");
  const [keys, setKeys] = useState({});
  const [token, setToken] = useState("");

  // Function to connect to the Ethereum wallet
  const connectWallet = async () => {
    if (window.ethereum) {
      try {
        // Request account access
        const accounts = await window.ethereum.request({
          method: "eth_requestAccounts",
        });
        setAccount(accounts[0]);
        const chainId = await window.ethereum.request({
          method: "eth_chainId",
        });
        setChainId(chainId);
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("User denied account access");
      }
    } else {
      console.error("Ethereum provider not detected");
    }
  };

  // Function to disconnect from the Ethereum wallet
  const disconnect = () => {
    setAccount("");
    setChainId("");
  };

  // Function to sign a message using the Ethereum wallet
  const signMessage = async (message) => {
    try {
      const signature = await window.ethereum.request({
        method: "personal_sign",
        params: [account, message],
      });
      return signature;
    } catch (error) {
      setError(error.toString());
    }
  };

  // Convert account to lowercase for uniformity
  const username = account.toLowerCase();

  // Function to login using Passkey
  const login = async () => {
    try {
      const startResponse = await axios.post(
        "https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/passkey/login/start",
        {
          address: username,
        }
      );
      const publicKey = startResponse.data;
      const [transformedPublicKey, credentialID] = transformPublicKey(publicKey);

      // Get credentials using WebAuthn
      const credential = await navigator.credentials.get({
        publicKey: transformedPublicKey,
      });

      // Convert credential to a format suitable for the backend
      const serializeable = {
        authenticatorAttachment: credential.authenticatorAttachment,
        id: credential.id,
        rawId: bufferToBase64url(credential.rawId),
        response: {
          attestationObject: bufferToBase64url(credential.response.attestationObject),
          clientDataJSON: bufferToBase64url(credential.response.clientDataJSON),
          signature: bufferToBase64url(credential.response.signature),
          authenticatorData: bufferToBase64url(credential.response.authenticatorData),
        },
        type: credential.type,
      };

      const finishResponse = await axios.post(
        "https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/passkey/login/finish",
        {
          credentialID,
          data: credential,
        }
      );
      const token = finishResponse.data.token;
      setToken(token);
      if (token) {
        alert("Successfully authenticated using webAuthn");
      }
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Error during login:", error);
    }
  };

  // Function to register using Passkey
  const register = async () => {
    try {
      const { message } = await getAuthMessage(account.toLowerCase());
      const signedMessage = await signMessage(message);
      const response = await axios.post(
        "https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/passkey/register/start",
        {
          address: account.toLowerCase(),
        }
      );
      const publicKey = {
        ...response.data,
        challenge: new Uint8Array([...response.data?.challenge?.data]),
        user: {
          ...response.data?.user,
          id: new Uint8Array([...response.data?.user?.id]),
        },
      };

      // Create credentials using WebAuthn
      const data = await navigator.credentials.create({ publicKey });

      const finishResponse = await axios.post(
        "https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/passkey/register/finish",
        {
          data,
          address: username,
          signature: signedMessage,
          name: "MY Phone",
        }
      );

      const finishData = await finishResponse.data;
      if (finishData) {
        alert("Successfully registered with WebAuthn");
      } else {
        throw new Error("Registration was not successful");
      }
    } catch (error) {
      alert(error.message);
    }
  };

  // Function to delete credentials
  const deleteCredentials = async () => {
    try {
      const startResponse = await axios.post(
        "https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/passkey/login/start",
        {
          address: username,
        }
      );
      const publicKey = startResponse.data;
      const { message } = await getAuthMessage(account.toLowerCase());
      const signedMessage = await signMessage(message);
      const response = await axios.delete(
        "https://encryption.lighthouse.storage/passkey/delete",
        {
          data: {
            address: account.toLowerCase(),
            credentialID: publicKey.allowCredentials[0]?.credentialID,
          },
          headers: {
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            Authorization: `Bearer ${signedMessage}`,
          },
        }
      );
    } catch (error) {
      alert(error.message);
    }
  };

  // Render the app UI
  return (
    <div className="App">
      <header className="App-header">
        {!account ? (
          <button className="App-link" onClick={connectWallet}>
            Connect Wallet
          </button>
        ) : (
          <button className="App-link" onClick={disconnect}>
            Disconnect
          </button>
        )}
        <p>{`Account: ${account}`}</p>
        <p>{`Network ID: ${chainId ? Number(chainId) : "No Network"}`}</p>
        <p>
          Edit <code>src/App.jsx</code> and save to reload.
        </p>
        {account && (
          <>
            <button className="App-link" onClick={register}>
              Register
            </button>
            <button className="App-link" onClick={login}>
              Login
            </button>
            <button className="App-link" onClick={deleteCredentials}>
              Delete
            </button>
            <textarea
              style={{ fontWeight: "0.9rem", maxWidth: "80vw" }}
              value={`Bearer ${token}`}
            ></textarea>
          </>
        )}
      </header>
    </div>
  );
}

```

### **Let's Dive Into the Core Functions:**

1. **Connecting to Ethereum Wallet**
    
    **`connectWallet` Function Explanation**:
    
    - **Purpose**:
        - The `connectWallet` function is designed to establish a connection with the user's Ethereum wallet.
    - **Successful Connection**:
        - Upon a successful connection, the function fetches the user's Ethereum account address and the associated chain ID.
        - These details, namely the account address and chain ID, are subsequently updated in the component's state.
    - **Denied Access**:
        - In scenarios where the user opts to deny access to their Ethereum wallet, an error message stating "User denied account access" is duly logged to the console.
    - **Ethereum Provider Detection**:
        - The function proactively checks for the existence of an Ethereum provider in the user's browser. This is typically facilitated by browser extensions such as MetaMask.
        - In the absence of an Ethereum provider, an error message "Ethereum provider not detected" is registered in the console.
2. **Disconnecting from the Ethereum Wallet**
    
    **`disconnect` Function Explanation**:
    
    - **Purpose**:
        - The `disconnect` function allows users to sever their connection from the Ethereum wallet.
    - **State Reset**:
        - Upon invocation, the function resets the `account` and `chainId` state variables to their default values, effectively logging the user out of their Ethereum wallet.
3. **Signing a Message with Ethereum Wallet**
    
    **`signMessage` Function Explanation**:
    
    - **Purpose**:
        - The `signMessage` function is crafted to solicit a signature from the user's Ethereum wallet for a specified message.
    - **Signature Request**:
        - The function dispatches a request to the user's Ethereum wallet, urging it to sign the provided message.
    - **Error Handling**:
        - Should there arise an error during the signing process, this error is not only logged to the console but also updated in the component's state.
4. **Logging in Using Passkey**
    
    **`login` Function Explanation**:
    
    - **Purpose**:
        - The `login` function orchestrates the login process leveraging Passkey.
    - **Initial Request**:
        - The function initiates the login process by dispatching a request, which in turn retrieves the public key.
    - **Credential Creation**:
        - Utilizing the WebAuthn API, the function prompts the browser to generate credentials.
    - **Finalizing Login**:
        - Post the creation of credentials, these are dispatched to the server to culminate the login process.
    - **Token Retrieval**:
        - On successful authentication, a token is fetched and updated in the component's state.
5. **Registering with Passkey**
    
    **`register` Function Explanation**:
    
    - **Purpose**:
        - The `register` function manages the user registration process via Passkey.
    - **Message Retrieval**:
        - Initially, the function fetches an authentication message and subsequently requests the user's Ethereum wallet to sign it.
    - **Registration Start**:
        - A request is dispatched to commence the registration process, fetching the public key in the process.
    - **Credential Creation**:
        - The WebAuthn API is invoked to prompt the browser to generate credentials.
    - **Finalizing Registration**:
        - Once credentials are generated, they, along with other pertinent details, are sent to the server to finalize the registration.
6. **Deleting Credentials**
    
    **`deleteCredentials` Function Explanation**:
    
    - **Purpose**:
        - The `deleteCredentials` function facilitates the removal of user credentials from the system.
    - **Initial Request**:
        - The function begins by initiating a request to retrieve the public key.
    - **Message Retrieval and Signature**:
        - An authentication message is fetched, which is then signed by the user's Ethereum wallet.
    - **Deletion Request**:
        - A delete request is dispatched to the server, carrying the user's address and credential ID, to remove the associated credentials.
    - **Error Handling**:
        - If any errors arise during the deletion process, they are presented to the user via an alert.

### **Rendering the App UI**

**`return` Function Explanation**:

- **Main Container**:
    - The entire UI is wrapped inside a `<div>` element with a class of "App".
- **Header**:
    - The main interactive elements and displays are located within a `<header>` element with a class of "App-header".
- **Wallet Connection**:
    - Depending on the user's Ethereum account status, either a "Connect Wallet" or "Disconnect" button is displayed.
- **Account and Network Display**:
    - The Ethereum account address and the network ID are displayed.
- **Instructions**:
    - A static message guides developers to edit the `src/App.jsx` file.
- **User Operations**:
    - If the Ethereum account is connected, options to "Register", "Login", "Delete", and a textarea to display the authentication token are presented.

---

# **Testing the Demo App**

After setting up the demo app and understanding its various components, it's time to test it out and see the Passkey authentication in action. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to test the demo app:

### **1. Start the React App:**

First, navigate to the root directory of your project in the terminal and run the following command to start the React development server:

```bash
npm start
```

This will automatically open a new browser window/tab with the app running on `http://localhost:3000`.

### **2. Connect Your Ethereum Wallet:**

On the app's main page, you'll see a "Connect Wallet" button. Click on it. If you have an Ethereum wallet extension like MetaMask installed, it will prompt you to connect your wallet to the app. Grant permission.

![Untitled (10).png](/uploads/Untitled_10_278e28f481.png)

This will open your metamask extension asking for permission to connect. Grant the permission.

![Untitled (11).png](/uploads/Untitled_11_d242fab16f.png)

### **3. View Account and Network Details:**

Once connected, the app will display your Ethereum account address and the network ID (or chain ID). This confirms that the app has successfully connected to your Ethereum wallet.

![Untitled (12).png](/uploads/Untitled_12_3e1d5062fa.png)

### **4. Register with Passkey:**

Click on the "Register" button. This will initiate the Passkey registration process, which involves:

- Fetching an authentication message.
- Signing the message with your Ethereum wallet.

![Untitled (13).png](/uploads/Untitled_13_60470a67b2.png)

- Registering with the Passkey backend using WebAuthn.

![Untitled (14).png](/uploads/Untitled_14_3ddf732188.png)

- Suppose you use your connected mobile phone with the same google account logged in

![Untitled (15).png](/uploads/Untitled_15_2aa3e69b34.png)

- Complete the verification on your phone

![Untitled (16).png](/uploads/Untitled_16_ed95078121.png)

If the registration is successful, you'll receive an alert saying "Successfully registered with WebAuthn".

### **5. Login using Passkey:**

After registering, click on the "Login" button. This will authenticate you using the previously registered credentials. Upon successful authentication, you'll receive a token, which will be displayed in

### **Conclusion**

With the above setup, you now have a demo app that showcases the power and security of Passkey authentication. By combining the cryptographic strength of WebAuthn with the decentralized nature of Ethereum, Passkey offers a future-proof solution for dApp authentication. Dive in and explore the next generation of user authentication!

Passkey Demo App with WebAuthn and Ethereum

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As the digital landscape moves towards the Web3 era, the internet is undergoing a substantial shift towards decentralization, transparency, and user empowerment. This guide takes you on a comprehensive journey through the intricate world of data storage and highlights two pioneering technologies, IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) and Filecoin. These innovations are not just components of Web3; they are the foundations of a new era in storing data.

## Understanding Web3:

The internet is going through a significant transformation as it transitions into the Web3 era. This shift is bringing about changes in the way we store data, with a focus on decentralization, transparency, and user empowerment. In this guide, we will explore the world of data storage and shed light on two groundbreaking technologies, IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) and Filecoin. These technologies are not just components of Web3, but they are the foundation of a new age of data storage.

## The Role of IPFS (InterPlanetary File System):

IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) is a peer-to-peer distributed file system that plays a vital role in this digital transformation. It is designed to revolutionize the way we store data by moving away from the traditional model that relies on centralized servers. Instead, IPFS uses a decentralized network architecture where each file and its blocks are given a unique cryptographic hash, which ensures data security and integrity. IPFS is more than just a storage solution. It represents a significant shift towards a more resilient and fault-tolerant storage infrastructure.

## Key Features of IPFS:

IPFS is built on several foundational features that contribute to its revolutionary character. One of its most significant features is decentralization, which eliminates the risks associated with a single point of failure and fosters a more robust storage ecosystem. Another cornerstone of IPFS is content addressing, which enables files to 
be identified by their content rather than their location, promoting accessibility and flexibility. 

Versioning is another essential feature of IPFS, which makes it easy to track changes to files over time, enhancing collaboration and data management. In addition, IPFS 
provides offline access to data, ensuring that files can be retrieved even when disconnected from the internet. This feature is a testament to the system's adaptability and makes it an ideal choice for a wide range of use cases.

## Filecoin: The Incentive Layer for IPFS:

Filecoin takes the principles of IPFS to new heights, emerging as an innovative incentive layer for decentralized storage. It is more than just a cryptocurrency; it constitutes the economic backbone of a decentralized storage network. Filecoin establishes a marketplace that allows users to rent out their unused storage space, earning Filecoin (FIL) in return. 

This dynamic and self-sustaining ecosystem introduces a novel way for individuals and entities requiring storage solutions to seamlessly connect with providers in a secure and decentralized manner. Filecoin's marketplace allows for the creation of a decentralized storage network that is more efficient, secure, and cost-effective than traditional storage solutions.

## Advantages of Filecoin:

Filecoin offers several advantages that make it a game-changer in the realm of decentralized storage. Its incentivized storage model encourages users to actively contribute their storage resources, fostering the growth of a robust and distributed network. This model ensures that there is always enough storage space available to meet the demands of users. 

Redundancy is inherent in the Filecoin system, as data is replicated across multiple nodes, ensuring enhanced durability and resilience. This feature ensures that data is always available, even in the event of hardware failure or other issues. 

The dynamic pricing model of Filecoin, influenced by market forces, guarantees fair and competitive rates for both storage providers and consumers. This approach fosters an ecosystem of collaboration and efficiency, ensuring that the network remains stable and sustainable over the long term. Overall, Filecoin represents a significant step forward in the world of decentralized storage, offering a range of benefits that make it an attractive choice for a wide range of users and applications.

## The Evolutionary Impact:

IPFS and Filecoin represent a significant shift in how we perceive and manage data. By combining decentralized file storage with incentivized economic structures, this new paradigm offers a more secure, efficient, and cost-effective way to store data. The integration of these two technologies reshapes the dynamics of the digital space, promoting collaboration and innovation.

## Real-World Applications:

IPFS and Filecoin are not just theoretical concepts but have real-world applications. IPFS is versatile, with applications ranging from content distribution platforms to decentralized applications (dApps). Filecoin's incentivized storage model has spurred the creation of decentralized cloud storage services. These technologies bring transformative possibilities to diverse industries, creating a more secure, efficient, and equitable digital space.

## Conclusion:

IPFS and Filecoin are the catalysts for the evolution of secure, decentralized, and incentivized data storage. As we navigate the Web3 age, there is no doubt that these technologies will guide us towards a future of empowerment, transparency, and collaboration. With IPFS and Filecoin leading the way, we can be certain that the future promises to be a canvas of infinite possibilities.

## Stay in Touch

To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage), read through the [documentation ](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/)or jump in on [GitHub](https://github.com/lighthouse-web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3/).







Web3 Storage: IPFS and Filecoin Guide

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 ## Understanding How web3 storage  Operates

## Introduction:

In the dynamic landscape of the internet, Web3 storage has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing the conventional methods of storing and managing data. This comprehensive guide aims to unravel the intricacies of Web3 storage, shedding light on its fundamental principles, benefits, and operational mechanisms within the broader context of decentralized technologies.

## I. Understanding Web3 Storage

## The evolution from Web2 to Web3

The evolution from Web2 to Web3 is a significant paradigm shift from centralization to decentralization. In the past, traditional server models were used to store and retrieve data in a centralized manner. However, with the emergence of Web3 storage, a new era has begun that harnesses decentralized networks to store and retrieve data. This creates a more secure and private experience for users, as well as a more democratic and equitable internet.

## B. Decentralization and Data Integrity:

This approach of Web3 storage is quite different from traditional storage systems. Instead of relying on a centralized system, Web3 storage decentralizes data across a network of nodes. This helps fortify data integrity and security. In this system, each piece of information is distributed across multiple nodes, reducing the risk of single points of failure and enhancing resistance to censorship.
  

## II. Core Components of Web3 Storage

## A. Protocols:

Web3 storage is built on top of robust protocols such as the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and the innovative Filecoin. IPFS introduces content-addressed storage that links data via cryptographic hashes. On the other hand, Filecoin, a cryptocurrency native to the ecosystem, incentivizes users to contribute and earn tokens based on their storage contributions.

## B. Encryption:

Security is of utmost importance in Web3 storage. The implementation of strong encryption mechanisms, such as end-to-end encryption and cryptographic hashing, is critical to protect data from unauthorized access, ensuring that the privacy and integrity of stored information are maintained.

## III. How Web3 Storage Works

## A. Content Addressing:

  Web3 storage utilizes content addressing, which is a technique that uniquely identifies and retrieves data. Instead of using traditional URLs, data is referenced through cryptographic hashes that are derived from the content itself. This approach enhances both efficiency and security.

## B. Decentralized File Storage:

Web3 storage is designed to break files into smaller chunks and distribute them across multiple nodes. This decentralized approach to file storage ensures that no single entity has complete control over the entire file, which contributes to the resilience and scalability of the storage network.

## C. Token Incentives:

 Filecoin has a one-of-a-kind incentive mechanism that uses tokens to encourage users to contribute their unused storage space to the network. This results in the creation of a decentralized marketplace for storage resources, which allows users to participate in the Web3 storage ecosystem and earn Filecoin.

## IV. Benefits of Web3 Storage

## A. Enhanced Security:

The statement you provided highlights the key benefits of Web3 storage. With its decentralized nature and strong encryption measures, Web3 storage provides enhanced data security. In addition, the distributed architecture helps to reduce the risk of cyberattacks and unauthorized access to data. All of these factors make Web3 storage a compelling solution for organizations looking to keep their data safe and secure.

## B. Increased Accessibility:

Web3 storage has been designed to promote data accessibility by eliminating geographical restrictions. This means that users can access and retrieve data from the nearest available node, which in turn helps to reduce latency and enhance overall user experience.

## C. Cost Efficiency:

  Token-based incentive models, as demonstrated by Filecoin, can transform storage into a commodity, resulting in cost efficiencies. By utilizing their excess storage capacity, users have the opportunity to earn tokens, which in turn creates a more sustainable and cost-effective storage solution.

## Conclusion:

Web3 storage is a game-changer when it comes to data storage on the internet. With its focus on decentralization, robust protocols, and innovative incentive mechanisms such as Filecoin, Web3 storage offers enhanced security and accessibility, while paving the way for a new era of data management. Despite the challenges, the potential for Web3 storage to revolutionize the digital landscape is enormous.

## The Best Web3 Storage Provider – Use web3 storage  with Lighthouse

As you embark on your journey into the world of Web3 storage, consider exploring the offerings of Lighthouse.Storage. Lighthouse.Storage stands out as a decentralized perpetual data storage protocol on Filecoin, providing a reliable and secure solution for your storage needs. Discover the possibilities of decentralized storage with Lighthouse.Storage and be part of the Web3 revolution today.








 Understanding How web3 storage  Operates

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## Lighthouse: Secure Web3 Storage for Your AI Data

In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, ensuring robust data security is paramount. As AI projects increasingly turn to platforms like Hugging Face for data storage, concerns about vulnerability emerge. Enter Lighthouse, a pioneering force in decentralized perpetual data storage, reshaping the narrative by placing unparalleled emphasis on data security through its robust Web3 storage protocol built on IPFS, Filecoin, and cutting-edge encryption technologies.

## Decentralized Storage: Fortifying Security in the Web3 Realm

Traditional centralized storage models have long grappled with security vulnerabilities, but Lighthouse transforms this landscape by harnessing the power of decentralization through IPFS and Filecoin in the Web3 domain. This not only establishes a more resilient infrastructure but also marks a revolutionary shift in addressing data security concerns in the era of artificial intelligence.

## Permanent Storage: A Pillar of Security in the Web3 Space

Central to Lighthouse's commitment to data security is its permanent storage model, powered by Filecoin in the Web3 environment. Users can opt for Web3 storage with a one-time fee, introducing a novel pay-once-store-forever approach. This innovative concept not only eliminates the risks associated with recurring payments but also ensures the perpetual availability of data, securing it within the decentralized Web3 space.

## Data Retrieval: Web3 Efficiency Harmonizes with Security

Lighthouse's multifaceted approach to data retrieval aligns seamlessly with its commitment to security in the Web3 paradigm.

## 1. Dedicated Gateways: A Web3 Symphony of Speed and Security

Lighthouse's dedicated Web3 gateways redefine the landscape of data retrieval through IPFS. Venly projects benefit from an unparalleled latency of less than 300 milliseconds, ensuring not only efficiency but also a secure and streamlined experience. The combination of Web3 speed and security sets new benchmarks for data access reliability.

## 2. On-Chain Encryption: A Robust Fortress for Web3 Data

Addressing the sensitivity of AI project data in the Web3 era, Lighthouse introduces on-chain encryption. This advanced feature adds an extra layer of security to files stored on IPFS within the Web3 space. Through the integration of blockchain technology, Lighthouse ensures data confidentiality and guards against unauthorized access in the Web3 realm. This proactive encryption strategy solidifies Lighthouse as a secure sanctuary for critical datasets within the Web3 landscape.

## 3. Token-Gated Communities: Precision Control Over Web3 Access

Lighthouse's SDK empowers Venly projects to effortlessly create token-gated Web3 communities. This innovative access control mechanism enables project owners to define and enforce access based on specific token criteria within the Web3 environment. Beyond just restricting access, Lighthouse provides project owners with a potent tool to implement nuanced and sophisticated Web3 data access controls, setting new standards for precision control in data security.

## Stay in Touch

To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage), read through the [documentation ](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/)or jump in on [GitHub](https://github.com/lighthouse-web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3/).





Lighthouse: Secure Web3 Storage for Your AI Data

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## Decentralized Storage: A Smarter, Safer, and Cheaper Way to Manage Your Data

## Introduction:

In an era dominated by the relentless flow of data, reimagining the foundations of how we store and manage information has become imperative. Enter decentralized storage, a disruptive force challenging the conventional wisdom of centralized storage models. This comprehensive guide explores the intricacies of decentralized storage, shedding light on its key features, advantages, real-world applications, challenges, and the promising future it holds.

## Understanding Decentralized Storage:

Decentralized storage fundamentally alters the landscape of data management. Unlike centralized models that rely on a singular entity, decentralized storage leverages a network of nodes, often underpinned by blockchain technology. This distributed architecture enhances security, transparency, and resilience.

## Key Features and Advantages:

1. **Security and Immutable Ledger:**
   Decentralized storage harnesses the cryptographic principles of blockchain, providing an unprecedented level of security. The decentralized nature of data storage makes it highly resistant to hacking, and the immutability of the blockchain ensures data integrity.

2. **Redundancy and Reliability:**
   Unlike traditional storage systems susceptible to single points of failure, decentralized storage thrives on redundancy. Data is replicated across multiple nodes, ensuring seamless retrieval even if one node experiences issues.

3. **Cost Efficiency and Sustainability:**
   Decentralized storage transforms the economics of data management by tapping into unused storage space from individuals or organizations. This democratization of resources significantly reduces operational costs and fosters a more sustainable storage solution.

4. **Privacy and Ownership Control:**
   Users gain unprecedented control over their data with cryptographic keys and smart contracts. This empowers individuals to dictate access conditions, ensuring data ownership and mitigating concerns of unauthorized use.

5. **Scalability:**
   The decentralized architecture of storage allows for organic scalability. As data demands increase, the network can effortlessly expand by integrating additional nodes, preserving performance and responsiveness.

## Real-World Applications:

1. **Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies:**
   Decentralized storage forms the backbone of blockchain networks, enhancing the security and transparency of transactions. Cryptocurrencies, dependent on secure ledgers, benefit immensely from this technology.

2. **File Storage and Sharing Platforms:**
   Decentralized storage solutions are ideal for file storage and sharing services. Users can securely store and share files without relying on a centralized service, minimizing the risk of data breaches and ensuring accessibility.

3. **Content Delivery Networks (CDNs):**
   Content delivery networks leverage decentralized storage to optimize the distribution of web content. By dispersing data across various nodes globally, latency is reduced, and content availability is enhanced, improving the overall user experience.

## Conclusion:

Decentralized storage is not merely a technological innovation; it represents a fundamental shift in how we safeguard and manage our digital assets. As our reliance on data intensifies, embracing decentralized storage is not just a choice; it is a strategic step toward a future where security, transparency, and user-centricity redefine the landscape of data management.

## Stay in Touch

To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage), read through the [documentation ](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/)or jump in on [GitHub](https://github.com/lighthouse-web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3/).





Decentralized Storage: A Smarter, Safer, and Cheaper Way to Manage Your Data

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## Unveiling the Mechanics of Perpetual Storage

## Introduction:

In the ever-evolving landscape of data management, the quest for perpetual storage solutions has emerged as a transformative force. This blog aims to unravel the intricacies of perpetual storage, emphasizing its key components and their collective role in creating a resilient, format-agnostic, and perpetually accessible repository for the digital age.

## Understanding the Mechanics of Perpetual Storage:

Perpetual storage is more than just a storage solution; it's a paradigm shift in how we approach data preservation. At its core, perpetual storage seeks to overcome the limitations of traditional storage methods by embracing adaptability, resilience, and longevity.

## Key Components of Perpetual Storage:

1. **Format Agnosticism:**
   *The Foundation of Accessibility*

   Perpetual storage relies on format-agnostic principles to ensure that data remains accessible across changing file formats. By divorcing data from specific formats, this approach guards against the risk of obsolescence, allowing information to transcend the ever-evolving landscape of technology.

2. **Self-Healing Mechanisms:**
   *Preserving Integrity Over Time*

   Critical to the perpetuity of stored data, self-healing mechanisms act as vigilant custodians. These automated processes detect and rectify errors, safeguarding the integrity of information against corruption and degradation. This proactive approach minimizes the risk of data decay, ensuring that stored content remains reliable over extended periods.

3. **Decentralization for Resilience:**
   *Building Redundancy and Durability*

   Perpetual storage embraces decentralized architectures to enhance resilience. By distributing data across a network of nodes, redundancy is achieved. In the event of hardware failures or technological shifts, the decentralized approach ensures that multiple copies persist, fortifying the longevity of stored information.

4. **Integration with Emerging Technologies:**
   *Future-Proofing Information Assets*

  Anticipating the inevitability of technological evolution, perpetual storage systems prioritize seamless integration with emerging technologies. This adaptability empowers users to migrate data effortlessly to new platforms or systems, eliminating the risk of data loss or degradation in the face of progress.

## Applications and Implications:

1. **Cultural Heritage Preservation:**
   *Digitizing and Safeguarding Human History*

   Perpetual storage finds profound applications in preserving cultural heritage. Whether it's digitized artworks, historical manuscripts, or artifacts, the format-agnostic and resilient nature of perpetual storage ensures that these invaluable cultural assets remain intact and accessible for generations to come.

2. **Scientific Research and Archiving:**
   *Ensuring Continuity in Discovery*

   Research institutions leverage perpetual storage to secure the longevity of critical scientific findings. Stored data becomes a valuable asset, persistently available for analysis and reference across generations, contributing to the enduring legacy of scientific exploration.

3. **Personal and Family Archives:**
   *Creating Time Capsules for Generations*

   Individuals entrust perpetual storage with personal and family archives, essentially creating digital time capsules. Family histories, photographs, and personal documents are securely stored, allowing descendants to connect with their heritage and history in a perpetually accessible manner.

## Stay in Touch

To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage), read through the [documentation ](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/)or jump in on [GitHub](https://github.com/lighthouse-web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3/).

Unveiling the Mechanics of Perpetual Storage

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## Navigating Permanent Storage: Harnessing the Power of Filecoin and IPFS

## Introduction:

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, the permanence of data has become a central concern for businesses seeking to safeguard their valuable information. As organizations generate and accumulate vast amounts of data, the need for reliable and permanent storage solutions has never been more critical. This blog post explores the significance of permanent storage and how innovative technologies like Filecoin and IPFS are reshaping the landscape, providing robust solutions for businesses aiming to secure their data for the long term.

## Understanding the Need for Permanent Storage:
The digital age has transformed data from a byproduct to a strategic asset, making the need for permanent storage more crucial than ever. Businesses, whether driven by compliance requirements, historical record-keeping, or future analytics, are compelled to seek solutions that ensure the longevity and accessibility of their critical information.

## Filecoin and IPFS: Revolutionizing Permanent Storage:
Two groundbreaking technologies, Filecoin and IPFS (InterPlanetary File System), have emerged as key players in reshaping the landscape of permanent storage. Let's delve into how these innovative solutions contribute to the permanence and security of data.

## 1. IPFS (InterPlanetary File System):
At the heart of the data permanence revolution is IPFS, a peer-to-peer distributed file system designed to make the web faster, safer, and more open. IPFS fundamentally changes the way data is stored and accessed by utilizing a decentralized network.

## Decentralization for Resilience:
  IPFS eliminates the reliance on a centralized server model, mitigating the risk of a single point of failure. By distributing data across a network of nodes, IPFS ensures greater resilience and reliability. This decentralization is foundational to achieving permanence in data storage.

## Content Addressing for Accessibility:
  IPFS employs content addressing, a method where files are identified by their content rather than their location. This promotes accessibility and flexibility, ensuring that data remains reachable even if the location or structure of the network changes over time.

## Versioning and Offline Access:
  IPFS facilitates versioning, allowing users to track changes to files over time. This feature is invaluable for maintaining historical records and managing data evolution. Additionally, IPFS enables offline access, ensuring that data can be retrieved even when disconnected from the internet—a critical aspect of long-term data preservation.

## 2. Filecoin: The Incentivized Storage Network:
Complementing IPFS, Filecoin introduces an incentivized storage layer, creating a marketplace for decentralized storage. Filecoin allows users to rent out their unused storage space and earn Filecoin (FIL) in return, creating a dynamic and self-sustaining ecosystem.

## Incentivized Storage for Growth:
  Filecoin's unique model incentivizes users to actively contribute their storage resources, fostering the growth of a robust and distributed storage network. This approach ensures that there is ample storage capacity available and encourages a diverse range of participants to contribute to the network.

## Redundancy for Durability:
  In the Filecoin network, data is replicated across multiple nodes, enhancing redundancy and durability. This distributed redundancy ensures that even in the face of hardware failures or network issues, the data remains intact and accessible.

## Dynamic Pricing and Fair Competition:
  The marketplace-driven pricing model of Filecoin ensures fair and competitive rates for both storage providers and consumers. This dynamic pricing structure adapts to market forces, promoting efficiency and fairness in the storage ecosystem.






 Navigating Permanent Storage: Harnessing the Power of Filecoin and IPFS

## Decentralized Excellence: Elevating Data Storage with Lighthouse

In the ever-evolving landscape of data management and storage, the need for secure, efficient, and decentralized solutions has become more paramount than ever. Enter Lighthouse, a trailblazer in the realm of decentralized perpetual data storage, reshaping the way we safeguard and access our digital assets. Built on the robust foundations of IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) and Filecoin, Lighthouse brings forth a new era of data storage excellence.


## 1. **Permanent Storage through Filecoin: A Paradigm Shift**

In a world accustomed to recurring subscription models and the constant threat of data loss, Lighthouse introduces a revolutionary concept – pay once, store forever. The Permanent Storage service, powered by Filecoin, offers users of Venly the opportunity to secure their files through decentralized glacier storage with a single one-time fee. This innovative model not only provides long-term cost efficiency but also ensures data permanence without the hassle of recurring payments.

## 2. **Data Retrieval Services: Paving the Way for Seamless Access**

Lighthouse goes beyond mere storage; it redefines the entire data retrieval experience. Here's a glimpse into the spectrum of services under this category:

- **Dedicated Gateways: A Fast Lane for Large Files**
  
  Lighthouse introduces Dedicated Gateways, serving as the expressway for Venly projects to upload large files on IPFS and retrieve them at unprecedented speeds. With a latency of less than 300 milliseconds, users can seamlessly stream 4K videos on IPFS. This feature not only emphasizes speed but also guarantees a responsive and efficient data retrieval experience.

- **On-Chain Encryption: Elevating Security Standards**

  Security is paramount in the digital age, and Lighthouse recognizes this imperative. Files stored by Venly projects onto IPFS through Lighthouse gain an additional layer of security with the implementation of on-chain encryption. This advanced security 

measure ensures that data remains confidential and protected against unauthorized access, setting a new standard for decentralized storage security.

- **Token-Gated Communities: Empowering Venly Projects**

  Lighthouse extends its capabilities to empower Venly projects further. With the help of Lighthouse's SDKs, creating token-gated communities becomes as simple as a click of a button. This feature allows Venly projects to seamlessly build exclusive communities, fostering a sense of engagement and exclusivity within their user base.

## Embracing the Future of Data Management

Lighthouse's commitment to decentralized excellence is not merely a slogan but a promise upheld through innovative services and a user-centric approach. As we navigate an era where data privacy and accessibility are non-negotiable, Lighthouse stands tall as a beacon of security, efficiency, and decentralization.

##**In Conclusion**

In the era of decentralized excellence, Lighthouse emerges as a frontrunner, offering a paradigm shift in data storage and retrieval. Through the visionary integration of Filecoin and IPFS, Lighthouse ensures permanence, speed, and security. From the groundbreaking pay-once-store-forever model to the advanced features like Dedicated Gateways, On-Chain Encryption, and Token-Gated Communities, Lighthouse paves the way for a future where data is not just stored but safeguarded, accessed seamlessly, and empowered through decentralization. The journey to decentralized excellence has begun, and Lighthouse leads the way.



Decentralized Excellence: Elevating Data Storage with Lighthouse

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# Revolutionizing Permanence in Data Storage 

In the rapidly evolving digital era, the quest for eternalizing data has become a paramount concern. As organizations grapple with the challenges of preserving information over the long term, the concept of "Permanent Storage" has taken center stage. This blog delves into the revolutionary landscape of permanent storage solutions, exploring cutting-edge technologies and strategies that redefine the permanence of data.

# **The Evolution of Permanent Storage: A Historical Perspective**

To appreciate the current state of permanent storage, it's essential to trace the evolution of data preservation. From the early days of magnetic tapes and optical discs to the advent of solid-state drives (SSDs) and cloud storage, the journey has been marked by constant innovation. Today, the landscape is witnessing a paradigm shift as we explore novel approaches to revolutionize permanence.

# **Solid-State Drives (SSDs) - The Power of Persistence**

One of the standout technologies reshaping permanent storage is the rise of Solid-State Drives (SSDs). With faster access times and enhanced durability compared to traditional hard disk drives (HDDs), SSDs have become a stalwart choice for organizations seeking reliable and long-lasting storage solutions. We explore how SSDs are not only changing the speed of data access but also contributing to the resilience of stored information.

# **Blockchain Technology - Immutable Records for the Ages**

Enter blockchain technology, a decentralized ledger system that has transcended its roots in cryptocurrency to become a revolutionary force in data permanence. By providing tamper-resistant and immutable records, blockchain is forging new possibilities for industries requiring secure and permanent record-keeping. We explore real-world applications and the transformative impact of blockchain on the permanence paradigm.

# **Cloud Storage Redefined: Replication, Redundancy, and Reliability**

In the cloud era, data storage has taken on new dimensions. Cloud storage providers are revolutionizing permanence by implementing robust replication strategies across geographically dispersed data centers. Through redundancy and backup mechanisms, organizations can ensure the durability and availability of their data, even in the face of unforeseen challenges. We delve into the architecture and strategies that make cloud storage a game-changer in the pursuit of eternal data.

# **Data Archiving: Preserving the Past, Securing the Future**

Permanent storage often involves the art of data archiving. We explore how archival-grade media, such as optical discs and magnetic tapes, are providing reliable, long-term storage solutions. With a focus on durability and resistance to environmental factors, these timeless technologies continue to play a pivotal role in the preservation of critical information.

## Stay in Touch

To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage), read through the [documentation ](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/)or jump in on [GitHub](https://github.com/lighthouse-web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3/).





Revolutionizing Permanence in Data Storage 

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# Eternalizing Data: A Permanent storage 

Eternalizing data through permanent storage solutions is a crucial aspect of modern information management. As technology evolves, the need for reliable and long-lasting storage becomes increasingly important. The term "Permanent Storage" encompasses various technologies and methods designed to ensure the durability, accessibility, and integrity of data over extended periods. Let's explore key aspects and technologies associated with eternalizing data in the context of permanent storage:

# 1. **Data Archiving:**
   - Permanent storage often involves the concept of data archiving, where data is stored in a secure and unalterable format for long-term retention.
   - Archiving solutions may utilize tape drives, optical discs, or other media designed for extended lifespan and minimal risk of data degradation.

# 2. **Solid-State Drives (SSDs):**
   - SSDs are non-volatile storage devices that provide faster access times and better durability compared to traditional hard disk drives (HDDs).
   - While not strictly "permanent" in the sense of eternal storage, SSDs offer a more robust and reliable option for long-term data retention.

# 3. **Write-Once, Read-Many (WORM) Technology:**
   - WORM technology ensures that data can be written only once and read multiple times. This is particularly useful for compliance and regulatory requirements.
   - WORM solutions can be implemented using specialized media or software-based approaches to prevent data tampering.

# 4. **Cloud Storage with Replication:**
   - Cloud storage providers often implement replication across multiple geographically dispersed data centers, ensuring data durability and availability even in the face of hardware failures or disasters.
   - Redundancy and backup strategies contribute to the permanence of data stored in the cloud.
   
  # 5. **Blockchain Technology:**
   - Blockchain offers a decentralized and tamper-resistant ledger system, providing a level of permanence and immutability to data stored on the blockchain.
   - While not suitable for all types of data, blockchain can be a viable solution for specific use cases requiring secure and permanent record-keeping.

# 6. **Optical Storage Media:**
   - Optical storage, such as Blu-ray discs or archival-grade DVDs, can provide long-term storage with minimal risk of data corruption.
   - These media types are designed to resist environmental factors that can affect other storage solutions.

# 7. **Magnetic Tape Storage:**
   - Magnetic tapes have been a reliable and cost-effective solution for archival storage over the years.
   - Tape libraries can store vast amounts of data with a focus on longevity and durability.

# 8. **Data Migration and Refresh Strategies:**
   - To ensure perpetual access to data, organizations may employ data migration strategies, periodically transferring data to newer storage technologies to prevent obsolescence.

# 9. **Data Integrity Checks:**
   - Regular integrity checks, checksums, and error correction mechanisms play a crucial role in maintaining the quality and accuracy of data stored in permanent storage solutions.

In conclusion, achieving permanent storage involves a combination of technological choices, adherence to best practices, and a proactive approach to data management. As technology continues to advance, the quest for eternalizing data will likely involve innovative solutions to address evolving challenges in the realm of information storage and preservation.




Eternalizing Data: A Permanent storage

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# Exploring Web3 Advancements in Storage Solutions

# Introduction:

In the rapidly evolving landscape of Web3 technologies, the realm of storage solutions has witnessed groundbreaking advancements, ushering in a new era of decentralized data management. Traditional centralized storage systems face challenges such as single points of failure, security concerns, and lack of transparency. Web3, with its emphasis on decentralization, introduces innovative approaches to address these issues and redefine how we store and manage data on the internet.

# 1. **Decentralized Storage Protocols:**

   Web3 storage solutions leverage decentralized protocols to distribute data across a network of nodes, eliminating the need for a central authority. Technologies like InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and Filecoin enable users to store and retrieve data in a peer-to-peer fashion, enhancing data availability and reducing the risk of data loss.

# 2. **Blockchain Integration for Data Integrity:**

   Blockchain technology plays a pivotal role in ensuring data integrity and security. By anchoring data hashes or references to the blockchain, Web3 storage solutions create an immutable record of the stored information. This not only enhances data integrity but also provides a transparent and auditable trail of changes, making it tamper-resistant.

# 3. **Tokenomics and Incentive Mechanisms:**

   Web3 storage solutions often incorporate tokenomics and incentive mechanisms to encourage users to contribute their storage space and bandwidth to the network. Filecoin, for instance, allows users to earn tokens by renting out their unused storage capacity. This decentralized incentive model fosters a robust and self-sustaining ecosystem.

# 4. **Smart Contracts for Automated Data Management:**

   Smart contracts, a hallmark of blockchain technology, are employed in Web3 storage solutions to automate data management processes. Users can set predefined conditions and rules for accessing or updating data, and smart contracts execute these actions automatically, reducing the need for intermediaries and enhancing efficiency.

# 5. **Content Addressing and Data Retrieval:**

   Content addressing, as seen in protocols like IPFS, enables users to locate and retrieve data based on its content rather than its location. This paradigm shift in data retrieval ensures faster and more reliable access to information, as data remains accessible as long as there is at least one node in the network storing the content.

# 6. **Privacy and Encryption:**

   Web3 storage solutions prioritize user privacy by implementing robust encryption mechanisms. With end-to-end encryption and zero-knowledge proofs, users can retain control over their data, deciding who has access to it. This focus on privacy aligns with the principles of Web3, where users have sovereignty over their digital assets.

# 7. **Challenges and Future Outlook:**

   While Web3 storage solutions have made significant strides, challenges such as scalability, interoperability, and user adoption remain. Ongoing research and development aim to address these issues, and the future holds the promise of even more resilient, efficient, and user-friendly decentralized storage solutions.

# Conclusion:

Web3's impact on storage solutions is transformative, ushering in a decentralized paradigm that empowers users with control, security, and transparency over their data. As the ecosystem continues to evolve, the integration of blockchain, smart contracts, and decentralized protocols will likely pave the way for a more robust and resilient data management infrastructure, shaping the future of the internet.




Exploring Web3 Advancements in Storage Solutions

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## **NFT Storage Strategies**

In the ever-evolving landscape of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), the underpinning infrastructure of storage strategies stands as a critical facet often warranting meticulous consideration. In this discourse, we delve into the nuanced realm of NFT storage, shedding light on key strategies that define the contemporary safeguarding of digital assets.

## **1. Blockchain Anchors:**

At the nucleus of NFT storage lies the immutable and decentralized ledger – the blockchain. Predominantly championed by Ethereum, blockchain networks serve as the custodians of ownership details and transaction history. The diversification of blockchain alternatives, exemplified by the emergence of Binance Smart Chain and others, underscores the dynamism within the storage domain.

## **2. IPFS: Decentralized Resilience:**

InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), an avant-garde decentralized file storage protocol, adds a layer of resilience to NFT storage. It dissects digital files into smaller fragments, distributed across a decentralized network. This strategic decentralization ensures the preservation of digital assets without reliance on a singular point of vulnerability.

## **3. Metadata Integrity:**

The soul of NFTs lies in their metadata – the intricate details that breathe life into these digital artifacts. While blockchain shoulders the weight of transactional data, IPFS serves as an ideal repository for the metadata, ensuring the comprehensive story behind each NFT is securely stored and globally accessible.

## **4. Cloud Integration:**

In select instances, a pragmatic approach involves the integration of cloud storage solutions into the NFT storage matrix. This hybrid model leverages the scalability and agility of cloud infrastructure while maintaining the immutability derived from blockchain technology. This symbiosis results in expedited access without compromising the foundational principles of security.

## **5. Security Orchestration:**

A paramount concern in the NFT ecosystem is the fortification of assets against potential threats. The security orchestration involves a meticulous interplay of encryption algorithms, private key management, and blockchain consensus mechanisms. This multifaceted approach ensures the impregnability of digital assets amidst the prevailing cyber landscape.

## **Conclusion:**

The discourse surrounding NFT storage strategies traverses a landscape as expansive and transformative as the digital frontier it seeks to secure. As the NFT ecosystem matures, so too will the strategies and methodologies devised to ensure the resilient preservation of these unique and valuable digital assets. This professional exploration invites stakeholders to navigate the intricate tapestry of NFT storage, where each strategic decision plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of digital ownership.



NFT Storage Strategies

## On-Chain Encryption: Security Unveiled

In the ever-evolving landscape of blockchain technology, security remains a paramount concern. As the decentralized ecosystem continues to flourish, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data has become more critical than ever. One of the key pillars upholding this security is on-chain encryption. In this blog post, we will embark on a journey to unveil the intricacies of on-chain encryption, exploring its significance, implementation, and the transformative impact it has on the blockchain landscape.

## Understanding On-Chain Encryption

At its core, on-chain encryption is a cryptographic technique employed to safeguard data stored on the blockchain. Unlike traditional centralized systems, where data is often vulnerable to breaches, on-chain encryption ensures that information remains confidential and tamper-resistant. This form of encryption involves encoding data before it is stored on the blockchain, making it accessible only to authorized parties with the corresponding decryption keys.

## The Significance of On-Chain Encryption

1. **Confidentiality: Protecting Data from Prying Eyes**
   On-chain encryption provides a robust shield against unauthorized access. By encrypting data before it is added to the blockchain, sensitive information becomes virtually indecipherable to anyone without the proper decryption keys. This not only safeguards user privacy but also enhances the overall security of the blockchain network.

2. **Integrity: Safeguarding Against Tampering**
   Tamper-proofing is a crucial aspect of on-chain encryption. Once data is encrypted and added to the blockchain, any attempt to alter it without the correct decryption keys would result in corrupted information. This ensures the integrity of the data and establishes trust within the decentralized network.

3. **Access Control: Granting Permissions Wisely**
   With on-chain encryption, access control becomes a nuanced process. Network participants can control who has access to specific encrypted data by managing and distributing decryption keys. This granular control over data access adds an extra layer of security, reducing the risk of unauthorized data exposure.

## Implementing On-Chain Encryption

The implementation of on-chain encryption involves a meticulous process that integrates cryptographic algorithms with blockchain protocols. Smart contracts, a key component of blockchain technology, play a pivotal role in facilitating on-chain encryption. These self-executing contracts enable the creation and enforcement of encryption protocols, ensuring that data is secured before being added to the blockchain.

Developers utilize various encryption algorithms such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) or Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to encode data. These algorithms are selected based on their strength, efficiency, and compatibility with the specific blockchain framework.

## Challenges and Future Developments

While on-chain encryption significantly enhances security, it is not without challenges. Balancing the need for security with considerations such as computational overhead and scalability remains an ongoing concern. Researchers and developers continue to explore innovative solutions to optimize on-chain encryption without compromising performance.

Looking ahead, the integration of quantum-resistant encryption algorithms and the development of standardized on-chain encryption protocols are expected to further fortify blockchain security. As the technology evolves, the synergy between cryptographic advancements and blockchain applications will continue to shape the future of secure, decentralized systems.

## Stay in Touch

To learn more about Lighthouse, visit the [official website](https://www.lighthouse.storage), read through the [documentation ](https://docs.lighthouse.storage/lighthouse-1/)or jump in on [GitHub](https://github.com/lighthouse-web3/). You can also join the community on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/LighthouseWeb3), [Telegram](https://t.me/lighthouseStorage), or [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lighthouse-web3/).



On-Chain Encryption: Security Unveiled

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When it comes to data storage, Web2 solutions trouble users with numerous problems like cost, efficiency, and security. Here, Web3 Storage emerges as a savior by offering the best possible solutions without compromising on data privacy. 

The global storage market was valued at over **$185 billion in 2023**, with North America contributing around **$79 billion**. This market size is expected to grow at a **CAGR of 17.1%** and is forecasted to reach a valuation of **$774 billion by 2032**.
 
According to CoinMarketCap, the market cap of top storage tokens is over **$16 billion**. The increase in adoption of Web3-based storage solutions will play a crucial role in transforming the traditional storage solution, which has numerous problems. 

In this article, we'll explore Web2 solutions and their problems, Web3 solutions and their advantages, and the Web3 storage solutions offered by Lighthouse. 

**What is Web2 Storage?**

![image1.jpg](/uploads/image1_12acf88c9f.jpg)

The Web2 storage solutions consist of traditional cloud storage options that save files and data in an offsite location. This stored data or files can be accessed using a dedicated private network or the public internet.

_Source: Geeksforgeeks.org__

A third-party cloud provider is responsible for the data transferred to the offsite location. This cloud provider manages, maintains, and secures the server and its infrastructure so that users can access their storage at any time. 
This storage uses remote servers to save users' data, such as documents, business data, videos, or images. To provide instant data availability to the user, cloud providers spread the available data to numerous virtual machines located in data servers in different parts of the world.  

**Problems in Web2 Storage**

Now we'll understand the problems that the Web2 storage solutions face:
Data Breaches: Web2 data storage systems are prone to various network-based attacks, as a vast quantity of data is stored in a single space or location. Hackers can gain unauthorized access, which has the potential to affect millions of users' data at once. 

- Single Point of Failure: The servers of Web2 storage create a single point of failure. A large-scale breach can instantly affect the vast amount of users' data, which can be lost forever.  

- Data Control: A few powerful Web2 entities, like Meta, Amazon, and Google, control users' data. Here, data accessibility can be misused for data monitoring and monetization without the user's permission. 

- Third-Party Dependency : In the case of Web2 storage solutions, users need to depend heavily on intermediaries for accessing and managing their stored data while accepting their terms and conditions. In addition, users are expected to trust these third parties blindly regarding the security and privacy of the stored data.  

- High Cost: Web2 storage solutions charge high costs from users for storing their files. The charges vary based on the file size or storage time, and there might be a vendor lock-in depending on the solution provider. 

**What is Web3 Storage?**

![image5.jpg](/uploads/image5_5d96d97eb3.jpg)

Web3 storage, or decentralized storage,  involves the storing of data on a network of computers instead of a single server. In this storage, unused spaces are utilized efficiently with the help of blockchain technology instead of relying upon vast data centers. 

_Source: [Moonbeam.network](link)_

The workings of Web3 storage involve storing data across multiple nodes connected to P2P networks like the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) protocol. Here, the data is split into numerous pieces and sent across millions of nodes across the network.

When a user plans to retrieve their stored data, the network collects all the distributed pieces together. Finally, the user gets back their original data, which is available to access or download. 

**What Problems Does Web3 Storage Solve?**

Web3 storage solutions help to solve the problems faced by Web2 storage solutions, such as: 
- Improved Security: The data are stored across different nodes using high-end encryption to protect the user's data. The blockchain's immutability feature helps avoid potential attacks that existed with Web2 storage solutions. 

- Enhanced Privacy: You also needn't worry about the privacy of your files with sensitive information. Unlike Web2 storage, your file will be fragmented into numerous parts before sharing it with multiple nodes, ensuring maximum privacy. 

- Low Cost: The availability of numerous nodes that host the data increases the availability of storage space. For this reason, the cost required to pay for the space is lower compared to that of Web2 storage.

- Faster Download: Web2 storage solutions can face network issues when the traffic is higher than the network's capacity. Web3 storage, on the other hand, has the potential to reduce bandwidth usage as the nodes that store data are distributed globally. 

- Data Ownership: In Web3 storage solutions, users have complete ownership and control of their data, allowing them to access their files at any time. This feature helps shift data ownership from a centralized entity to individual users. 

- Enhanced Accessibility: The Web3 storage solution removes the need for intermediaries between the user and the storage space. This access barrier is removed, allowing users with an internet connection to participate in the benefits of decentralized storage networks. 

It's important to know about Filecoin, the frontier of Web3 data storage, to better understand the use case of Web3 storage.



**What is Interplanetary File System (IPFS)?**

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Interplanetary File System (IPFS) is a decentralized file storage protocol that allows users to store and share files within a peer-to-peer network. It was developed to address the limitations of server-based systems that rely on a centralized entity.

_Source: Researchgate.net_

When a user stores data on the IPFS network, it's broken into multiple pieces that can support a maximum payload of 256 KB. Then, each piece of data is cryptographically hashed with a unique content identifier (CID).
The data splitting method allows IPFS to store large files without overloading the network. Moreover, the data on IPFS networks are resistant to censorship and tampering. 

**What is Filecoin?**

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Filecoin is a P2P network that allows users to store files in a decentralized manner using cryptography to safeguard their data. Protocol Labs introduced
this blockchain project in 2017 to provide an efficient alternative to Web2 storage solutions. 
The launch of Filecoin facilitated the efficient use of storage resources, offering users high transparency and security. Filecoin utilizes unused data storage worldwide to offer users cheaper pricing. 
Filecoin works on top of a decentralized web protocol called the Interplanetary File System (IPFS). This protocol identifies data based on the content type rather than its location to improve transparency, accessibility, and security. 

_Source: Researchgate.net_

The Filecoin ICO was conducted in 2017, successfully raising over $257 million, the largest ICO figure at that time. At the time of writing, Filecoin (FIL), the native cryptocurrency of Filecoin, is valued at over $3 billion. 
We'll now explore the contribution of Lighthouse in the Web3 storage ecosystem. 

**What is Lighthouse?**

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Lighthouse is a permanent file storage facilitator built on Filecoin and IPFS that allows users to permanently store files by paying once. Unlike traditional Web2 storage, users don't need to track time spent storing their data. 

This permanent ownership-based file storage will help store users' valuable data, including NFT metadata. Lighthouse also supports the deployment of smart contracts on **Filecoin Virtual Machine (FVM), Solana, Polygon, and more.**
Lighthouse's perpetual protocol operates along with a smart contract-powered endowment pool to pay storage providers. When someone pays to store a file, a portion of that fund is distributed to the Filecoin network's storage providers, and the remaining fund is distributed to the endowment pool.

**Features of Lighthouse**

__The major features of Lighthouse include:__

- Permanent Storage: Lighthouse allows users to pay once and own the storage space indefinitely. This feature eliminates the pain of subscription model payment options available with the traditional Web2 storage solutions. 

- Image Optimization: Users have the flexibility to fix the height and width of their stored images while retrieving them from the IPFS. This image optimization option helps users save bandwidth, allowing more storage choices. 
- Payment Flexibility: Lighthouse allows users to pay with any tokens from popular blockchain networks like Ethereum, Solana, Optimism, and Polygon, to name a few. This multi-chain support allows users to integrate with supported dApps. 
- Zero Lock-in: Users don't need to face difficulties associated with any constraints associated with specific storage providers. For this reason, you can always access and manage your data 24/7.
- Lower Cost: Lighthouse offers low-cost storage solutions by leveraging the open market of Filecoin miners who earn block rewards from its network.
- Encryption and Privacy: The user's data are secured efficiently using encryption technology. Moreover, files are stored in fragments to protect the privacy of their file's content.
-  Fast File Retrievals: The availability of Lighthouse's custom IPFS gateway helps you retrieve your files faster. This feature is applicable to low and high-size files like high-resolution video files. 

**Conclusion** 

There is a growing demand for data storage that needs to be addressed properly. The traditional Web2 storage provider fails to offer its users cost-efficient, secure, and privacy-ensured solutions. 

The development of Web3 storage solutions emerges to solve the issues faced by Web2 storage. Lighthouse utilizes the potential of IPFS and Filecoin to deliver permanent storage spaces for users for lower fees.    



Web2 Storage Challenges Versus Web3 Solutions Ft. Lighthouse 

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Imagine a world where your data stays safe forever without you having to lift a finger. No more reminders to renew your storage deals, no more panicking about lost files. Welcome to perpetual storage with Lighthouse, powered by the Filecoin Network.
In this blog, we're diving deep into the world of the Endowment Pool. We'll cover everything from what it is to how it works and why it's the future of data storage. 
So, grab a coffee, and let's dive in!

### A Revolution in Data Storage

Before we get into what the endowment pool is all about, let's set the stage with the Filecoin Network. Filecoin isn’t just any storage network; it’s the superhero of decentralized storage. With over 12 EiB (exbibytes, if you’re wondering) of storage capacity, Filecoin has quickly become the go-to network for storing humanity’s most valuable information.
Filecoin is more than just a vast storage network; it’s a revolution in how we store and access data. Traditional storage solutions often rely on centralized servers, which can be vulnerable to hacks, outages, and data manipulation. 
Filecoin flips this model by leveraging a decentralized approach, distributing data across a global network of storage providers. This not only enhances security but also ensures that data is stored in a redundant, highly reliable manner.

### The Global Community of Storage Providers

One of the key strengths of Filecoin is its extensive community of over 3500 storage providers worldwide. These providers range from small individual operators to large-scale data centers, all contributing to the network's impressive storage capacity. 
By joining this network, they’re not just storing data; they’re part of a larger mission to preserve humanity’s most important information. This community-driven approach means that data is spread across multiple locations, reducing the risk of loss and ensuring greater resilience.

## Why Reinvent the Wheel When Filecoin is Already Rolling Strong?
Why start from scratch when Filecoin is already a well-oiled machine with 3500+ storage providers globally? That’s why Lighthouse is built on this rock-solid network. 
Filecoin’s Proof of Replication (PoR) and Proof of Space-Time (PoST) ensure your data is stored uniquely and continuously, making it the perfect partner for perpetual storage.

### Proof of Replication is Like a Fingerprint for Your Data

In the Filecoin network, Proof of Replication (PoR) ensures that storage miners hold a unique copy of your data. It’s like having a fingerprint for your files, ensuring no two are identical. 
This proof happens once when the data is initially stored, but its importance is monumental. PoR ensures no sneaky miner stores multiple copies of your data in the same space, keeping everything transparent and verifiable.

### Proof of Space-Time is the Marathon Runner of Data Storage

While PoR is a one-time thing, Proof of Space-Time (PoST) is the marathon runner, continuously proving that miners dedicate space to your data over time. Miners must regularly demonstrate their commitment by passing PoST checks, ensuring your data remains safe and sound. 
Fail these checks, and miners face penalties. This ongoing verification is crucial for maintaining the integrity of perpetual storage on Lighthouse.

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## Meet the Endowment Pool, Your Data’s Financial Guardian Angel

Now, let’s talk about one of the most important components of the whole architecture, the Endowment Pool. Imagine Marcus Aurelius, the ancient Roman Emperor, creating the first endowment for philosophy studies in Athens. Fast forward to today, and Lighthouse uses a similar concept to sustain long-term data storage.

![2.jpg](/uploads/2_86a6fa0a6c.jpg)

### How the Endowment Pool Works 
The Endowment Pool is a clever mechanism that ensures your data is stored forever without any additional effort on your part. 
Here’s how it works, step-by-step:

1. Initial Payment: When you pay to store your data on Lighthouse, your payment is divided into two parts. A small portion of the payment goes directly to the storage providers who will physically store your data on the Filecoin network for a limited period. This covers the immediate cost of storage.

2. Funding the Pool: The majority of your payment goes into the Endowment Pool. This pool is a financial reservoir designed to sustain your data storage indefinitely. It's like setting up a trust fund for your data, where the principal amount is invested wisely to generate continuous returns.

3. Investment and Growth: The funds in the Endowment Pool don’t just sit idle. They are actively invested to grow over time. Here’s how:

   3.1 DeFi Protocols: A significant portion of the funds can be lent out in decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols to earn interest.Stablecoins like USDC, USDT, and DAI are typically used for these investments to minimize risk and ensure steady returns.

   3.2 Filecoin Staking and Lending: Another part of the funds is held in Filecoin (FIL). These FIL tokens can be staked or lent to storage miners, earning additional rewards and yield. This dual strategy balances the pool's exposure to FIL price fluctuations while maximizing growth.

4. Continuous Funding: The Endowment Pool periodically releases funds to pay for the ongoing storage costs. This is where the magic happens:

   4.1 Smart Contracts: The pool operates using smart contracts on the Filecoin Virtual Machine (FVM). These smart contracts automatically manage the release of funds based on predefined conditions and schedules.

   4.2.Automated Payments: Funds are distributed regularly to storage providers, ensuring that your data storage fees are covered without any manual effort. When data deals expire, funds are automatically transferred to service providers to renew the deals. This seamless process keeps your storage updated, giving you lifetime data storage without the hassle.

5. Dynamic Management: The pool’s composition and investment strategies are dynamically managed to adapt to changing market conditions. This includes adjusting the proportion of funds allocated to different investment avenues and responding to fluctuations in the cost of storage or the returns on investments.


By leveraging smart contracts and sophisticated financial strategies, the Endowment Pool ensures that your data remains safely stored on the Filecoin network indefinitely. This innovative approach not only secures your data but also frees you from the hassle of manual renewals and the risk of data loss. It's a set-it-and-forget-it solution for perpetual data storage.

### The Formula for Data Perpetuity
The sustainability of the endowment pool hinges on a simple formula:
![3.png](/uploads/3_b78b4da743.png)
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In essence, the rewards from the pool must always be greater than or equal to the cost of storing the data for the specified time. This formula ensures the perpetual storage of your data, making it financially sustainable.


### Master and Custom Pools Tailored to Your Needs
Lighthouse offers flexibility with its endowment pools. 
![4.jpg](/uploads/4_474150b7dc.jpg)

The Master Pool is the default, overseen initially by the Lighthouse team and eventually governed by a DAO. This pool will be deployed across multiple chains for easy access.
Custom Pools allow for specialized storage needs. Want a pool dedicated to NFT data? Done. Need a pool for blockchain state data? You got it. These custom pools can be funded and controlled by specific communities or DAOs, offering tailored storage solutions with various risk levels.

### Governance & Growth for a Bright Future
As the endowment pool grows, its governance becomes crucial. Proposals can be made to decide the pool’s composition, investment strategies, and even fund public goods like DeSci initiatives. Transparency is key, with the endowment pool’s reserves and projections available on the blockchain, ensuring trust and accountability.

### The Replication Worker is Your Data’s Bodyguard
Lighthouse doesn’t just rely on storage providers to keep your data safe. Enter the Replication Worker, a vigilant service that monitors storage deals and ensures data replications as requested by clients. 
If a storage provider drops your data, the Replication Worker triggers a deal repair, creating new storage deals to maintain the initial number of replications. It’s like having a dedicated bodyguard for your data, ensuring it’s always safe and sound.


### Transparency & Accountability with Smart Contracts
One of the standout features of the endowment pool is its transparency. Thanks to EVM-based smart contracts, every transaction, every yield, and every reserve is visible on the blockchain. 
This transparency isn’t just about trust; it’s about giving users a clear picture of how their funds are being used and how long their data can be sustained. It’s like having a crystal-clear ledger that anyone can audit at any time.
### Beyond Storage, the Potential for Public Good
The endowment pool’s potential doesn’t stop at storage. If the pool grows significantly, surplus funds could be used to support public goods. Imagine funding decentralized science (DeSci) projects, maintaining open-source software, or supporting other community-driven initiatives. 
The governance mechanisms in place allow for such decisions, ensuring that the benefits of the pool extend beyond just storage.
### What Happens if the Pool Dries Up
While the endowment pool is designed to be sustainable, there’s always the question of what happens if the funds run low. In such a scenario, clients might be required to top up the pool. 
Governance proposals can also address how to manage such situations, ensuring that there’s always a plan B.
### Final Thoughts
In a nutshell, the endowment pool on the Filecoin Network is not just a storage solution; it’s a revolution in how we think about data preservation. With Lighthouse at the helm, your data isn’t just stored – it’s immortalized. 
So, say goodbye to storage renewals and hello to the future of perpetual data storage.


Discover How the Endowment Pool Makes Your Data Immortal

Imagine a world where you can analyze sensitive data without ever decrypting it. Sounds like science fiction, right? But it's not—it's the magic of Homomorphic Encryption. 
This groundbreaking technology allows computations on encrypted data, preserving privacy while extracting valuable insights.
Let’s dive deep into how this works and how Lighthouse Storage is venturing into this fascinating domain with Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE).
### The Encryption Conundrum: Why Traditional Methods Aren’t Enough
Encryption is the bedrock of data security, ensuring that your sensitive information stays hidden from prying eyes. But here’s the catch: traditional encryption only protects data when it’s at rest (stored) or in transit (being sent somewhere). As soon as you need to process or analyze that data, you have to decrypt it, exposing it to potential risks.
Imagine handing over the keys to your treasure chest just because you need someone to count the gold inside. It’s a vulnerability that businesses, especially those handling sensitive information, have had to live with—until now.
These traditional encryption methods, while robust, fall short when applied to the unique challenges of blockchain and AI.
 Let's break down why:
1. Vulnerability During Data Processing:
Traditional encryption methods protect data at rest (when stored) and in transit (when being transferred). However, as soon as you need to process or analyze the data—whether it's running computations on it or training AI models—you have to decrypt it. 
This decryption process exposes the data to potential breaches. In a blockchain environment, where transparency and immutability are key, this exposure is especially problematic. The moment the data is decrypted, it's vulnerable to attacks from within the network, undermining the very security blockchain aims to provide.
2. Incompatibility with Decentralized Systems:
Blockchains are decentralized, meaning data is stored and processed across multiple nodes. Traditional encryption methods, designed for centralized systems, struggle to adapt to this environment. 
When data is decrypted for processing on a blockchain, it becomes visible to all nodes, increasing the risk of unauthorized access. This is particularly concerning when dealing with sensitive datasets, such as financial information or personal data, where privacy is paramount.
3. Challenges in Secure AI Model Training:
Training AI models requires vast amounts of data, often involving personal or proprietary information. Traditional encryption methods necessitate decrypting this data during training, leaving it exposed. 
On blockchain, this exposure is even more dangerous due to the distributed nature of the network. If any node in the network is compromised, the entire dataset could be at risk. This makes it difficult to ensure the privacy and security of the data used in AI training.
4. Lack of Scalability:
Traditional encryption methods were not designed with the scale of blockchain in mind. As the amount of data stored and processed on the blockchain increases, so does the risk. 
Decrypting and re-encrypting large volumes of data can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, slowing down the entire system. This lack of scalability is a significant hurdle for blockchain applications that require the secure handling of large datasets, such as AI training.

### Homomorphic Encryption Keeps Secrets While Doing the Math. But How?
Imagine needing to perform complex calculations on your most sensitive data—think customer financial records, medical histories, or proprietary algorithms—without ever having to unlock it from its secure vault. That's the promise of Homomorphic Encryption (HE).
Homomorphic Encryption allows you to perform computations directly on encrypted data, yielding results that are identical to what you'd get if the data were decrypted. It's as if you hired a vault master who could count your gold, weigh it, and even divide it into piles, all without ever opening the chest. The gold stays safe inside, untouched and unseen, but you still get the precise outcome you need.

![image3.png](/uploads/image3_302c4dd650.png)

[Source](https://chain.link/education-hub/homomorphic-encryption)

### How is it different?
While traditional encryption methods lock up your data and throw away the key until you need to use it, Homomorphic Encryption keeps the key safely hidden, even during processing. But not all Homomorphic Encryption is created equal.
There are mainly 3 forms of HE, each with its own capabilities:
- **Partial Homomorphic Encryption (PHE)**: Allows only a specific type of operation (like addition or multiplication) on encrypted data, but not both.
- **Somewhat Homomorphic Encryption (SHE)**: Supports a limited number of operations before it needs to be decrypted.
These methods, while useful in certain contexts, are still limited. They can't handle the full complexity of operations required by modern applications like machine learning, where data often needs to undergo numerous and varied computations.
But Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows for any type of computation on encrypted data, no matter how complex. Whether you're running machine learning algorithms, conducting data analytics, or even facilitating secure electronic voting, FHE can process it all without ever exposing the underlying data.

### What Makes FHE so EPIC?
- End-to-End Security in AI: AI model training often requires vast amounts of sensitive data. With FHE, you can train these models directly on encrypted datasets. The data never needs to be decrypted, ensuring that personal information, trade secrets, or proprietary algorithms are never exposed, even during intensive computational processes. 

- Complex Computations, Zero Exposure: FHE enables you to perform intricate operations, like training AI models or running advanced analytics, without decrypting the data. This is especially critical in blockchain applications, where data is distributed across multiple nodes and must remain secure at all times. 

- Enabling Trustless Computation: One of the core principles of blockchain is the concept of trustless transactions—where participants don’t need to trust one another because the system itself guarantees security. FHE takes this a step further by enabling trustless computation. Even in decentralized environments where nodes may not fully trust each other, FHE ensures that data can be processed without being exposed, preserving the integrity and confidentiality of the information.

- Future-Proofing Against Quantum Threats: As quantum computing advances, the security of traditional encryption methods is increasingly at risk. FHE, with its advanced cryptographic techniques, offers a layer of protection that is more resistant to these emerging threats. By allowing computations on encrypted data, FHE reduces the risk of exposure, even in a quantum world.

- Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing: FHE makes it possible to share encrypted data with third parties for processing without ever revealing the underlying information. This is particularly valuable in industries like finance, where institutions need to collaborate on data without compromising privacy. 

### Are There Any Real-World Applications of FHE?
Well, there is a whole FHE ecosystem out there.
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is quickly becoming a cornerstone of privacy-focused innovations, and a vibrant ecosystem is emerging around this technology. 

![image2.jpg](/uploads/image2_dce8d7b238.jpg)

Take a closer look at some of the key players and what they’re bringing to the table:
- Zama: With their TFHE and fhEVM, Zama is making FHE work seamlessly with Ethereum, enabling private on-chain computations and smart contracts.
- Fhenix: Known for their FHE Layer 2 solutions, Fhenix is developing specialized coprocessors to accelerate FHE computations.
- Privasea: At the intersection of AI and FHE, Privasea is creating privacy-preserving AI models that keep sensitive data secure.
- Octra: Building an FHE-focused Layer 1 blockchain, Octra is laying the groundwork for a privacy-first decentralized ecosystem.
- IncoNetwork: Another player in the FHE Layer 1 blockchain space, IncoNetwork is developing tools to make FHE more practical and scalable.
- FairBlock: Specializing in modular FHE solutions, FairBlock is crafting tools that can be easily integrated into existing systems to enhance privacy.
- MindNetwork: Exploring decentralized AI with FHE, MindNetwork is pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in secure machine learning.
- SunscreenTech: Known for their FHE compilers, SunscreenTech is making it easier for developers to implement FHE in their applications.
- zkHoldem: Using FHE to make on-chain gambling secure, zkHoldem is blending privacy with entertainment on blockchain platforms.
These companies are not just building tools—they’re crafting the future of privacy in a decentralized world. 
The FHE ecosystem is rapidly expanding, with innovations in general-purpose FHE blockchains, hardware acceleration, and specialized applications like private voting and confidential ERC20 tokens.

### Why Should You Care About Homomorphic Encryption? (No, Really)
Homomorphic Encryption isn't just a technical marvel—it's a transformative technology with real-world implications that touch every aspect of data security and privacy. 
Here's why it matters to you:
1. **Enhanced Privacy: Your Data Stays Safe, Always**
Traditional encryption methods are effective at keeping your data safe when it's stored (at rest) or being transmitted (in transit). However, the moment you need to use that data, whether for analysis, processing, or anything else, it must be decrypted, exposing it to potential risks. With Homomorphic Encryption, your data remains encrypted throughout its entire lifecycle, including during computation. This means that even while performing operations on your data, it stays protected, drastically reducing the risk of exposure.
For instance, if you're handling sensitive financial information or personal medical records, Homomorphic Encryption ensures that this data is never exposed, not even to those performing the computations. This enhanced privacy is crucial in an era where data breaches and privacy violations are increasingly common.
2. **Secure Collaboration: Trust Without Compromise**
Sharing data with third parties, whether cloud providers, business partners, or research institutions, has always been a double-edged sword. On one hand, collaboration is necessary for innovation and efficiency. On the other, sharing data often means compromising its security, as it typically requires decryption at some stage.
Homomorphic Encryption changes the game by allowing you to share encrypted data that can still be processed by the third party. The cloud provider or partner can perform the necessary computations on the data without ever seeing the raw, unencrypted information. This secure collaboration means that you can take advantage of cloud computing's scalability and processing power without sacrificing privacy.
Imagine a scenario where multiple organizations need to collaborate on a sensitive research project. With Homomorphic Encryption, they can share encrypted data and run joint analyses without ever exposing their confidential data to one another. This fosters collaboration while maintaining strict privacy controls.
3. **Unlocking AI & ML Potential using FHE**
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) thrive on data, but when that data is sensitive, like patient records, financial transactions, or proprietary algorithms, there's always a tension between using the data and keeping it secure. Homomorphic Encryption resolves this tension by allowing AI and ML models to be trained on encrypted datasets.
This means you can unlock the full potential of AI and ML without ever exposing sensitive information. For instance, a healthcare provider could use Homomorphic Encryption to analyze encrypted patient data for predictive analytics or personalized treatment plans, ensuring that patient privacy is never compromised.
Moreover, companies can collaborate on AI projects by sharing encrypted data and models, allowing them to innovate together without risking data breaches. This capability is especially crucial in sectors like finance, healthcare, and cybersecurity, where the integrity and confidentiality of data are paramount.
### How Does Lighthouse Come Into This?
Now, here’s where it gets even more interesting. 
We at [Lighthouse Storage](https://www.lighthouse.storage/) are exploring the integration of Fully Homomorphic Encryption into its platform. But why?
We aim to enable our users to store and process large encrypted datasets securely, making it perfect for AI startups, financial institutions, and healthcare organizations. 

![image4.png](/uploads/image4_0f026f0ec7.png)

By leveraging FHE, Lighthouse can offer:
- Encrypted Data Processing: Allowing computations on stored data without ever decrypting it, ensuring that privacy is never compromised.


- Secure Sharing: Collaborate across untrusted domains without the risk of data exposure.


- Regulatory Adherence: Meet the highest standards of data privacy laws by keeping sensitive data encrypted, even during processing.

### But Why Isn’t Homomorphic Encryption Everywhere Yet?

If Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is so powerful, why isn’t it the standard everywhere? 
The short answer: it’s complicated. 
Despite its incredible potential, there are several significant challenges that have prevented HE—especially Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE)—from becoming ubiquitous.
1. **Computational Cost**:
FHE is computationally intensive. It requires vast amounts of processing power and time, making it slower and more expensive compared to traditional encryption methods. This high computational cost has been a significant barrier to widespread adoption, particularly for applications that require real-time processing.

2. **Noise Accumulation**:
One of the technical challenges with HE is the accumulation of noise during computations. Each operation on encrypted data introduces a small amount of noise. Over time, this noise can build up, potentially corrupting the results and making the data unusable. While bootstrapping techniques can clean up this noise, they add additional computational overhead, further slowing down the process.

3. **Complexity**:
Implementing and maintaining HE systems is not straightforward. The mathematics behind HE is complex, requiring specialized knowledge to implement effectively. This complexity increases the risk of errors, making it more challenging to develop robust and secure HE solutions.

4. **Limited Practical Implementations**:
Although FHE can theoretically support any computation on encrypted data, practical implementations have been limited to simpler operations or require substantial simplifications. This limitation means that many use cases are still beyond the reach of current FHE technology.

### Remedies and Ongoing Research
Despite these challenges, the field of HE is rapidly advancing, with researchers and innovators working on several promising solutions:
- Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs):
TEEs provide a secure area within a processor where computations can be performed safely, even in potentially compromised environments. By combining HE with TEEs, it’s possible to offload some of the computational burden while maintaining strong security guarantees.

- Improved Algorithms:
Advances in HE algorithms, such as more efficient noise management techniques and optimized encryption schemes, are helping to reduce the computational overhead. These improvements are making HE more practical for a broader range of applications.

- Hardware Acceleration:
Specialized hardware, such as FHE-specific coprocessors or GPUs, can significantly speed up HE operations. Companies like Optalysys and Cysic are developing hardware solutions designed to accelerate FHE computations, making them more feasible for real-world applications.

Noise Reduction Techniques:
Researchers are exploring new methods to manage and reduce noise accumulation in HE systems. Techniques like TFHE, CKKS, and BGV are being developed to strike a balance between noise tolerance and computational efficiency, making HE more reliable and scalable.

- Layered HE Architectures:
By using a combination of different HE types, such as PHE, SHE, and FHE, it’s possible to create layered encryption schemes that optimize performance for specific use cases. For instance, PHE or SHE might be used for less sensitive operations, with FHE reserved for critical computations.

### Does FHE Seem Interesting To You?

You will absolutely love this playlist of FHE Summit 2024 by FHEOnChain.
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLeyFSoYRt-Wmp9w8THT64Bg3XOl1ZEw3O&si=4C3cb_AfuHxEgmqJ 

#### Final Thoughts
While Homomorphic Encryption isn’t yet a silver bullet for all privacy challenges, the progress being made is encouraging. As computational costs decrease and noise management improves, we can expect HE, especially FHE to play an increasingly vital role in securing sensitive data. The integration of HE with technologies like TEEs and hardware acceleration will further enhance its practicality, paving the way for broader adoption across industries.
The future of data privacy may well be homomorphic, and as the technology continues to evolve, the dream of secure, private computations without compromising performance is steadily becoming a reality. 
The future of privacy is bright, and with innovators like Lighthouse leading the charge, we’re well on our way to a world where data is always protected, even when it’s in use.


What is FHE and how Lighthouse plans to use it

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The buzz around AI and blockchain is louder than ever, with industries scrambling to understand how these technologies can transform their operations. But as with any hype train, it's crucial to differentiate between genuine innovation and flashy gimmicks. 
So, what exactly happens when these two tech giants collide? Let's break down the intersection between AI and blockchain, uncover the myths, and explore the genuine potential of this dynamic duo.
### Blockchain Creates Trust & AI Needs Trust
The idea that blockchain could combat misinformation generated by AI sounds compelling. Imagine a world where every piece of digital content is authenticated and verified using an immutable ledger. This would seemingly create a utopia where misinformation is kept at bay, and digital truth is preserved. But before we get carried away, let’s dive deeper into how feasible this actually is.
[https://x.com/Polkadot/status/1782514882249703756
](https://x.com/Polkadot/status/1782514882249703756)

### Blockchain’s Role in Timestamping
Blockchain's main strength lies in its ability to create a permanent, tamper-proof record of transactions. For example, if I upload a photo of a flying saucer above the Washington Monument and register this image on the Ethereum blockchain, the blockchain will timestamp this event. This means we can see that the photo was registered before a specific block number, in this case, block 20,000,000.
Advantages of Timestamping
- Immutable Record: The blockchain provides an immutable record of when and by whom the content was created. This is useful for verifying the timeline of digital content.
- Proof of Existence: By storing a hash of the image on the blockchain, you can prove that the image existed at a certain point in time. This helps in proving ownership and original creation.

The Limitation of Authenticity Verification

While blockchain is excellent at providing a timestamp and proof of existence, it falls short when it comes to verifying the content's authenticity. Here’s why:
1. Content Verification:
- What the Blockchain Can’t Tell: Blockchain can't verify whether a photo is genuine or manipulated. The ledger can tell us when I registered the image, but it can't determine if the photo was created by a camera, edited with Photoshop, or generated by AI.
- No Insight into the Creation Process: The blockchain does not offer any insight into how the image was created or whether it has been altered. It only confirms that I registered it, but not the nature of its authenticity.

While blockchain can confirm when and by whom a digital asset was created, it does not solve the problem of content authenticity. The immutable nature of blockchain is a powerful tool for timestamps and proof of existence but falls short in verifying the truthfulness of the content itself.

### Is Blockchain The Guardian of Privacy for AI?
The narrative that blockchain can provide privacy for AI, especially in model training, is another area ripe for scrutiny. The concept is that blockchain’s decentralized and transparent nature could somehow secure sensitive data involved in training AI models. 
But is this a feasible solution or just a misunderstanding of blockchain’s capabilities?
[https://x.com/hosseeb/status/1773146428594090473
](https://x.com/hosseeb/status/1773146428594090473)

### Blockchain’s Transparency vs. Privacy Needs
Blockchain’s core feature is its transparency. Every transaction on the blockchain is visible to all participants in the network, which is great for ensuring data integrity but problematic for privacy.
Transparency vs. Confidentiality:
- Public Ledger: In a public blockchain, every transaction is recorded on a ledger that is accessible to anyone. This transparency is fundamental to how blockchains operate, but it doesn’t align with the need for privacy in model training.
- Privacy Concerns: When training AI models, especially with sensitive data (e.g., medical records), maintaining confidentiality is crucial. Blockchain’s transparency can conflict with the need to keep this data private.

Privacy-Enhancing Technologies:

While blockchain itself is not suited for privacy, several advanced cryptographic techniques can address these needs. However, these technologies are not inherently part of blockchain systems:
1. Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs):
- How ZKPs Work: Zero-Knowledge Proofs allow one party to prove to another that they know a value without revealing the value itself. This is useful for confirming transactions without disclosing details but doesn’t solve privacy issues for model training directly.
- Limitations for AI: ZKPs can’t obscure the data used to train AI models. They can prove that a transaction or computation was performed correctly, but they don’t keep the data used for training confidential.
- Organizations Involved: Companies like Zcash, and Peanut Protocol are actively working on ZKP technologies.
![image11.gif](/uploads/image11_ac8ef7bba6.gif)


2. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE):
- What FHE Does: Fully Homomorphic Encryption allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without needing to decrypt it first. This means AI models can be trained on encrypted data without ever exposing the raw data.
- Challenges with FHE: While promising, FHE is computationally intensive and has not yet been widely adopted due to performance constraints and complexity.
- Organizations Involved: Chalink & Zama are working on bringing FHE onchain.

![image10.jpg](/uploads/image10_205d21dba1.jpg)

3. Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC):
- What MPC Achieves: Secure Multi-Party Computation enables multiple parties to jointly compute a function over their inputs while keeping those inputs private. This can be used for privacy-preserving AI, allowing model training without exposing individual data points.
- Adoption and Complexity: Like FHE, MPC is complex and not yet widely implemented in practical systems.
- Organizations Involved: Companies such as Lighthouse and startups like Partisia are advancing MPC technologies for privacy-preserving computations.

![image4.png](/uploads/image4_48bae726b1.png)

### AI Bots with Blockchain Wallets: How Does That Work?
Jeremy Allaire, CEO of Circle, has suggested that AI and blockchain are a perfect pairing, particularly for bots using cryptocurrency. On the surface, this sounds like a win-win. After all, cryptocurrencies and AI both thrive in digital spaces. However, there’s a darker side to this union.
Imagine AI bots wielding crypto to make autonomous transactions. This could mean bots making decisions about financial transactions with real-world consequences. My own research in 2015 explored how smart contracts on Ethereum could facilitate crime if combined with AI. Imagine a rogue AI creating smart contracts that pay bounties for illicit activities. 
While this scenario isn’t a reality yet, it’s a future risk that needs serious consideration. Blockchain enthusiasts and AI developers must prioritize safety measures to prevent such scenarios.
Real Use Cases and Emerging Technologies
While many of the common narratives about AI and blockchain may be myths, there’s still real innovation happening at their intersection. Let's explore some of the most promising and realistic use cases, along with the companies pushing the boundaries in these sectors.

1. Transparent Data Sources for AI
AI models rely heavily on vast, high-quality datasets to improve their accuracy and efficiency. Blockchain can play a significant role by providing a transparent, verifiable, and tamper-proof source of data. This ensures that the data used for training AI models is authentic and has not been manipulated or tampered with—especially critical in sensitive industries like healthcare and finance.

![image6.png](/uploads/image6_2887d88900.png)


- Use Case in Healthcare: Blockchain-based platforms can ensure the integrity of medical records or genomic data used for AI-driven healthcare solutions.
- Companies Leading This:
  - Ocean Protocol provides a decentralized data marketplace where AI developers can access high-quality, verified datasets.
  - MediBloc is using blockchain to secure medical data and ensure its integrity for healthcare AI applications.

2. Autonomous AI Systems
Blockchain’s decentralized architecture supports the development of autonomous AI systems by eliminating the need for a centralized server or intermediary. This enhances both the efficiency and reliability of AI systems as they interact across networks without reliance on a single point of failure. 
Autonomous systems that can make decisions and execute tasks in real time such as in logistics, supply chains, or smart cities, benefit greatly from the decentralized, trustless nature of blockchain.
![image3.png](/uploads/image3_acb24d9a40.png)

- Use Case in Smart Cities: AI-powered traffic systems running on decentralized blockchain networks can automatically respond to real-time conditions, optimizing flow and reducing congestion.
- Companies Leading This:

   - Fetch.ai is creating autonomous AI-powered systems using blockchain to manage complex tasks in various industries, from transportation to smart energy grids.
   - IOTA focuses on decentralized, feeless transactions and is being used in autonomous systems for smart city initiatives.

3. Privacy Protection for AI Models
As noted, blockchain itself doesn’t inherently provide data privacy. However, when combined with cryptographic technologies such as Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) and Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC), blockchain can offer robust privacy-preserving solutions. 
This allows AI to securely process sensitive data without exposing it to unauthorized parties. For example, medical institutions can use AI models to analyze encrypted patient data without directly accessing the raw data, safeguarding privacy.
![image1.png](/uploads/image1_a8c838324b.png)

- Use Case in Finance and Healthcare: Privacy-preserving AI models can analyze financial data without exposing it to intermediaries, ensuring that sensitive information remains private.
- Companies Leading This:
   - Lighthouse focuses on privacy-preserving encrypted storage using MPC, allowing AI systems to work on encrypted data without revealing the underlying information.
   - Oasis Labs combines blockchain with privacy-enhancing technologies like FHE to enable secure AI model training on encrypted data.

4. Distributed Computing Power for AI
Training AI models requires vast computational resources, often making it a costly and time-consuming process. Blockchain can help distribute this workload across a decentralized network, allowing participants to contribute idle computing power in exchange for tokens. This approach makes AI model training more scalable and cost-effective, particularly for smaller organizations.

![image12.png](/uploads/image12_0db19497c5.png)

- Use Case in AI Research: AI researchers can access distributed computing power to train large-scale models without needing to rely on centralized cloud providers.
- Companies Leading This:
   - Golem allows users to rent out their unused computing power for AI training and other heavy computational tasks.
   - SingularityNET connects AI developers with a decentralized marketplace of computing resources for model training and inference.

5. Enhanced Security for Smart Contracts
AI can be integrated into blockchain systems to enhance the security of smart contracts. AI-driven security audits can identify vulnerabilities and automatically suggest or implement fixes, reducing the risk of exploits or attacks on blockchain networks. This adds an extra layer of protection for decentralized applications (dApps) and DeFi platforms, where security is paramount.
![image9.png](/uploads/image9_36ff4ba96b.png)

- Use Case in DeFi: AI tools can monitor and analyze blockchain transactions in real time to detect and prevent fraudulent activities or attacks on smart contracts.
- Companies Leading This
   - OpenZeppelin integrates AI tools into its smart contract auditing services to identify potential vulnerabilities.
   - QuillAudits uses AI-driven algorithms to audit smart contracts for DeFi platforms and ensure their security.

6. Efficient Data Querying for Blockchains
AI can be employed to optimize the way blockchain systems store and query data. As blockchains grow in size, efficient querying becomes increasingly challenging. AI-enhanced protocols like TTA-CB (Trusted Timestamping Authority - Consensus Blockchain) can improve data access speeds, making blockchain applications more responsive and scalable.

![image8.png](/uploads/image8_0ac49c18c3.png)

- Use Case in Data-Intensive Applications: AI-enhanced data querying can improve the performance of blockchain systems used in logistics, supply chains, and digital asset management.
- Companies Leading This:
   - Algorand is developing efficient and scalable solutions for data storage and querying, leveraging AI-driven optimizations.
   - Graph Protocol enables efficient querying of blockchain data and utilizes AI to optimize these queries for better performance.

7. Authenticity and Audit Trails for AI Models
Blockchain can provide an immutable record of how AI models were trained and on what datasets. This allows organizations to ensure the authenticity and traceability of AI models, which is particularly important in regulated industries like healthcare, finance, and government. Audit trails on blockchain allow regulators to verify compliance and ensure that AI models are developed using ethical, transparent practices.
![image7.png](/uploads/image7_d95d219b98.png)

- Use Case in Compliance: Organizations using AI for decision-making can maintain a transparent, immutable audit trail of how AI models were trained and deployed.
- Companies Leading This:
   - Veracity provides blockchain-based tools for auditing and verifying AI model integrity.
   - Modex offers blockchain solutions for ensuring AI models’ compliance with industry standards and regulations.


8. Automation of Business Processes
The integration of AI with blockchain can automate complex business processes, from dispute resolution to optimizing supply chains. Smart contracts can automatically execute predefined actions based on AI-analyzed data, improving the efficiency and reducing the friction in many industries, including finance, logistics, and manufacturing.
![image5.png](/uploads/image5_bc4ebfa72c.png)

- Use Case in Finance: AI-powered smart contracts can automatically execute transactions based on predefined criteria, such as when certain stock prices reach a particular threshold.
- Companies Leading This:
   - Chainlink combines AI with blockchain to enable automated data-driven smart contracts.
   - R3 Corda offers solutions for automating financial services processes using blockchain and AI integrations.

### Final Thoughts
As we explore the intersection of AI and blockchain, it’s clear that while the hype can be overwhelming, there’s genuine potential for transformative impact. The key is to focus on practical applications that leverage the strengths of both technologies. We must move beyond buzzwords and work towards solutions that address real-world challenges.
Emerging technologies like Optimistic Machine Learning (ML) and Zero-Knowledge Machine Learning (zkML) are promising, and while they’re not yet mainstream, they offer exciting possibilities. 
The crucial takeaway is to separate meaningful innovation from mere hype and to approach the integration of AI and blockchain with a critical perspective.
While we end the blog here, here is a tip for the degens out there. Don't just invest your money into companies who are trying to ride the AI wave without actually having a proper use case. 
DYOR. Always. 


AI Meets Blockchain: Beyond the Hype & Into the Future

### GM BUIDLers!
August has been a whirlwind of exciting developments at Lighthouse! 
From groundbreaking collaborations to reaching new milestones, we’ve been busy pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in decentralized storage. Whether it's enhancing our services or supporting innovative projects, we've made significant strides this month. 
Let's dive into some of the highlights from last month.

## Keynote Insights from Our Founder
![naditPreview.png](/uploads/nadit_Preview_9a4b1e2880.png)
A special shoutout to our founder, Nandit Mehra, for sharing incredible insights on Filecoin about how decentralized storage will shape the future of the data economy. Missed it? Watch the episode [here](https://x.com/FilFoundation/status/1818723773350027273?t=G5NekEZ4RkiCBfnMhxufxQ&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8).

## Stop rendering websites and HTML content
One of the significant moves we made this month was to [stop rendering websites and HTML content from our Lighthouse Public Gateway](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1821171129253351805?t=v_cg8icHB_FRMohiXS2COA&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8). This strategic shift allows us to hone in on our core strengths, ensuring that we deliver the most secure and reliable decentralized storage solutions. It’s all about focusing on what we do best to serve you better. 

## UngateAI's Autonomous Virtual System (AVS)
![image3.jpg](/uploads/image3_9783fc7ee2.jpg)
We also saw some incredible progress with UngateAI. In just three weeks, they built and [deployed an Autonomous Virtual System (AVS) using Lighthouse,](https://x.com/UngateAI/status/1822965611674189942?t=0o3ZV0FlvKo6kze9JPnknQ&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8) pushing the boundaries of decentralized intelligence. This project showcases the full potential of our platform and how it can be used to power innovative solutions across various industries

## 160k Participants in Galxe Quest
A huge milestone was achieved this month—[over 160k participants joined our Galxe Quest](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1823271392705491106?t=TKN4lwWofjk5Dh4VLhkDAQ&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8)! This surge in participation is a testament to the growing interest and engagement within our community. It’s been amazing to see so many of you take part, and we’re beyond grateful for the support. Together, we’re building something truly special. 

## Collaborating with Sirio Finance
![image4.jpg](/uploads/image4_7649c80b91.jpg)
Another [exciting collaboration came from Sirio Finance](https://x.com/FILBuilders/status/1823436402186506344?t=LOwwkV6NfLFDAosoo1_ZFg&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8), who is bringing an AI-driven risk management model to life. By leveraging decentralized storage on FVM via Lighthouse, they’re not only enhancing security but also paving the way for innovation in Lending & Borrowing protocols. Their model can be customized to meet the specific needs of other protocols as well, making it a versatile tool in the DeFi space. 

## Lighthouse SDK: Part of Dynamic Hackathon Starter Kit
We’re also proud to announce that the LighthouseWeb3 SDK is now [part of the Dynamic Hackathon Starter Kit](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1825116173958308061?t=PcnGYOnzcOyn5BXOF-oqVg&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8). This inclusion is a huge win for us as it means more developers will have access to our tools, empowering them to build innovative projects in the decentralized space. We can’t wait to see what amazing ideas come to life using our SDK. 

### NFT Creation Workshop at Inha University
![image5.jpg](/uploads/image5_e0c7ae4407.jpg)
LongfeiW, Developer Advocate at Filecoin, recently led [a workshop at Inha University in Korea](https://x.com/FILBuilders/status/1824697546700132789?s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8), focusing on NFT creation on FVM with Lighthouse. This workshop was a great opportunity to showcase our technology to the next generation of builders and creators, and the response was overwhelmingly positive. We’re always excited to see our tech in action and being used to educate and inspire. 

## Supporting Forma Chain: The Future of On-Chain Creations
![image2.jpg](/uploads/image2_7d93890ba2.jpg)
Last but certainly not least, [Lighthouse now supports Forma chain](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1828087667369619525?t=4-9ADYNw8zbOWzHDuPqSDA&s=19&utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8), a cutting-edge network designed for on-chain creations. This partnership marks a significant step forward in the future of digital creation, and we’re thrilled to be a part of it. With Forma chain, creators have more flexibility and power to bring their visions to life on-chain, and we’re excited to see where this leads. 


With all these exciting developments, we’re more motivated than ever to keep pushing forward. Looking forward to what September has in store for us! 
Stay tuned for more updates and exciting developments at Lighthouse, or get in [touch with us](https://airtable.com/app0KP7ENgYlLDcJ0/shrPFC2TgojuOAYO4?utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8)


August at Lighthouse: Milestones & Innovations

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### GM BUIDLers, what’s cooking?
September has been one of the most transformative months for us yet. From groundbreaking integrations to powerful partnerships, we’ve made big strides in our mission to reshape decentralized storage. 
Let’s dive into everything we achieved this month.

## Partnership With Coreum
![image6.jpg](/uploads/image6_a3654f2d8f.jpg)
We were [thrilled to announce our partnership with Coreum](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1831315193256644654), the smart blockchain for real-world applications. Now, you can store files on Lighthouse via Coreum with CLI/SDK support, enhanced encryption, token-gated access, direct payments, and seamless login through the Cosmos wallet. 

## Over 900 Projects Integrated With Lighthouse
Over 900 projects have now integrated with Lighthouse. This remarkable growth shows how our platform is being adopted across various ecosystems. Check out the announcement [here](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1830978921287880951).

## IRL Travel Bookings via Buk Protocol
![image2.jpg](/uploads/image2_6c8be84f15.jpg)
On the Real-World Assets (RWA) front, IRL travel bookings are [now possible with the Buk Protocol using Lighthouse.](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1831373278813794644)

## Secure Data Storage for StackOS Compute Platform
Additionally, we’re offering a secure data storage solution to the StackOS compute platform, further solidifying our role in the DePIN ecosystem. 

## On-Demand GPU Compute for Gaming and AI
![image4.jpg](/uploads/image4_65256cbfcd.jpg)
We also partnered with Aethir Cloud to provide powerful, on-demand GPU compute for gaming and AI, paired with Lighthouse's decentralized storage. This collaboration promises to elevate the user experience in the gaming and AI sectors. [Find out more here.](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1835644139691467091)

## Token2049 Presence
![image3.jpg](/uploads/image3_1a20be0052.jpg)
Our presence at Token2049 was fantastic. We had the chance to showcase our progress and connect with the broader blockchain community. [See the highlights from the event here.](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1836028567290851392)

## Keynote Session at FIL Singapore
Our co-founder, Nandit Mehra, took the stage with a keynote session at FIL Singapore, where he shared valuable insights and Lighthouse's vision. If you missed it, you can catch the recap [here](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1837006046751309854).

## Partnership With Destra Network
![image1.jpg](/uploads/image1_c54568c775.jpg)
In another exciting development, [we’ve partnered with Destra Network](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1838572215207329987) to enhance the security and privacy of their storage network while boosting the AI-driven capabilities of the Destra OCAI platform with Filecoin.

## First-Ever zkTLS x Data Layer Demo
We reached a new milestone by showcasing our first-ever zkTLS x data layer demo, marking a significant step forward in our journey. [Take a look at the demo here.](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1838926312028746234)

It’s been an incredible month, and we’re excited about what’s coming next. 
Stay tuned for more updates and exciting developments at Lighthouse, or get in [touch with us](https://airtable.com/app0KP7ENgYlLDcJ0/shrPFC2TgojuOAYO4?utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8)


September at Lighthouse: Milestones & Innovations

### GM BUIDLers, what’s cooking?
It’s that time of the month again & we are back with another monthly roundup at Lighthouse.
October was a pretty epic for us. 
From new partnerships to exciting milestones, we’re all about turning big ideas into impactful results. 
Missed out? No worries - we’ve got your recap right here. 👇

## Partnering with Powerhouses for Filecoin Growth
![2024-11-08 19.21.06.jpg](/uploads/2024_11_08_19_21_06_f2370b9d3d.jpg)
We’ve teamed up with the [Filecoin Foundation and Aethir Cloud ](https://x.com/_FilOz/status/1840986468149575769)to amplify the Filecoin network! 
This partnership brings advanced GPU leasing, giving developers more power and flexibility. 
Plus, they’ll be storing critical AI and node data through Lighthouse, making Filecoin even more robust and accessible to the Web3 community.

## 6,000+ ENS Websites Now on Lighthouse
Yes, you read that right - [6,000 ENS websites](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1841822255916982728) have been deployed on Lighthouse! 
Thanks to the efforts of [WebHash](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1841822255916982728), we’re seeing major growth in decentralized domain adoption. Each ENS deployment takes us one step closer to an internet where ownership and freedom come standard.

## Making NFTs Truly Permanent
![image3.png](/uploads/image3_3cc51c09af.png)
We’re thrilled to announce our [partnership with NFT.Storage](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1841838765708358071), which makes NFT preservation a breeze. By locking in long-term security and efficiency, creators can rest easy knowing their digital assets are here to stay, with no compromise on accessibility. 
NFTs are forever? Now, they really can be!

## Eternal AI’s Llama Model on Decentralized Storage
![image5.png](/uploads/image5_836d4a43c3.png)
AI + Web3 just hit new heights. 
[Eternal AI](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1844029409252274445) integrated our SDK to store their Llama 3.1 405B model data on Lighthouse, proving that AI doesn’t have to be confined to centralized silos. 
It’s decentralized, secure, and infinitely scalable. We’re proud to be powering the future of decentralized AI!

## Secure and Rewarding Interactions with Incentives
![image4.jpg](/uploads/image4_8ba11786ea.jpg)
We partnered with [Incentives](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1851553010301943894) to give you control over your social and AI interactions.
Think of it as privacy, reimagined—one where your data is secure, interactions are private, and you’re rewarded for every engagement. 
This is privacy as it should be: all yours.

## Co-Sponsoring the FILDev Summit with the Best in Web3
![image2.jpg](/uploads/image2_49848c00ad.jpg)
We’re beyond excited to co-sponsor the [FILDev](https://x.com/FILDevSummit/status/1852618166247063704) Summit alongside [Protocol Labs, Boosty Labs, Fleek, Glif, and more! ](https://x.com/FILDevSummit/status/1852618166247063704)
This event is all about empowering developers to build, innovate, and make decentralized tech a reality. We’re thrilled to support the Filecoin community as they bring Web3 to life.


October was packed with milestones, but we’re just getting started. 
November promises even more excitement. Thanks for being part of the Lighthouse journey. 
Stay tuned for more updates and exciting developments at Lighthouse, or get in [touch with us](https://airtable.com/app0KP7ENgYlLDcJ0/shrPFC2TgojuOAYO4?utm_source=brevo&utm_campaign=Newsletter-August&utm_medium=email&utm_id=8)


October at Lighthouse: Milestones & Innovations

Hey fam, ready for a wild ride?

November was all about big moves, stronger partnerships, and unforgettable moments in Bangkok. Missed any of it? 

Here’s your exclusive recap 👇

![image1.png](/uploads/image1_f99c5ff4dc.png)
## Powering Decentralized AI with SingularityNET 💪
SingularityNET is pushing decentralized AI (deAI) & AGI with transparency and ethics at the forefront. 
Lighthouse completed Phase 1 integration, providing decentralized, permanent storage for key data like metadata and .proto files. 
Our Python SDK, CLI, and Daemon? Fully operational, making this AI future-proof and inclusive!


[![Group 1.png](/uploads/Group_1_420dd24115.png)](https://x.com/nanditmehra/status/1854508156447318423)
## Nandit’s DevCon & FIL Dev Summit Highlights ✨
Our founder [@nanditmehra](https://x.com/nanditmehra) stole the show in Bangkok, hopping between podcasts, panel discussions, and networking sessions. 
From bridging Web3 with Web2 to sharing insights on AWS/GCP’s influence on developers - he kept the innovation vibes high.

![Group 3.png](/uploads/Group_3_f60ef87ed8.png)
## FILDev Summit Sponsorship 🤝
We didn’t just attend; we showed up strong! 
FILDev Summit was buzzing with innovation, and we were at the heart of it. 
From [Protocol Labs](https://x.com/protocollabs) to [BoostyLabs](https://x.com/BoostyLabs) and [Fleek](https://x.com/fleek), the ecosystem was alive with groundbreaking discussions, and we’re thrilled to have been part of it!


We’re just getting started, and there’s so much more to come! 
Stay connected and watch this space for bigger, better updates. 
Catch all the action on Twitter [@LighthouseWeb3.](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3)







November at Lighthouse: Milestones & Innovations

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies of our era. From healthcare to finance, AI is reshaping industries and redefining how we interact with technology. However, its potential is heavily constrained by centralized data systems controlled by tech giants like Google, OpenAI, and Amazon. These monopolies dictate who can train AI models, how data is used, and what insights are generated. This centralized approach creates significant challenges, including restricted access, lack of transparency, and vulnerability to censorship and bias.

To unlock AI’s full potential, we need a paradigm shift: decentralized, tamper-proof, and verifiable data sources powered by blockchain technology. This blog explores how the convergence of blockchain, data, and AI is reshaping the future of technology, ensuring transparency, accessibility, and ethical AI development.

## AI is Only as Good as the Data It’s Trained On

The quality of [AI models](https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/ai-model) depends entirely on the data they’re trained on. Unfortunately, centralized data silos create three major problems:

**Restricted Access**: High-quality data is often locked behind paywalls and permissioned APIs, limiting innovation to those who can afford it. This creates a barrier for smaller organizations, researchers, and independent developers who lack the resources to access premium datasets. As a result, innovation becomes concentrated in the hands of a few corporations, stifling competition and creativity.

**Lack of Transparency**: Users have no insight into how data is sourced, manipulated, or pre-processed, leading to potential biases and misinformation. For example, if an AI model is trained on biased data, it can perpetuate and even amplify those biases in its outputs. This lack of transparency undermines trust in AI systems and raises ethical concerns.

**Vulnerability to Censorship**: Centralized data storage is prone to censorship, manipulation, and security breaches, raising ethical and reliability concerns. Governments or corporations can alter or restrict access to data, influencing AI models to serve specific agendas. This centralization of power undermines the democratization of AI and its potential to benefit society as a whole.

For [AI](https://opensource.org/ai/open-source-ai-definition) to be truly open, unbiased, and beneficial to all, it must rely on decentralized data ecosystems. Blockchain technology offers the perfect solution by enabling secure, transparent, and tamper-proof data storage.

## The Rise of Decentralized Storage for AI
Blockchain-based storage solutions like [IPFS](https://ipfs.tech/) (InterPlanetary File System), Filecoin, and Lighthouse are revolutionizing how AI interacts with data. These platforms ensure open access to verifiable datasets, eliminating the risks associated with centralized control. Here’s how decentralized storage is transforming AI:

**Transparency**: AI models trained on blockchain-secured data are more resistant to bias and misinformation. Every piece of data stored on a blockchain is timestamped and immutable, meaning it cannot be altered or tampered with. This ensures that AI models are trained on accurate and reliable data, fostering trust in their outputs.

**Censorship Resistance**: No single entity can impose restrictions, ensuring unbiased decision-making and democratized AI development. Decentralized storage distributes data across a network of nodes, making it nearly impossible for any one party to control or manipulate the data.

**Data Ownership**: Users regain control over their data, deciding whether to share, monetize, or keep it private. Blockchain technology enables individuals and organizations to retain ownership of their data while still contributing to AI development. This shift empowers users and creates a fairer ecosystem where data is treated as a valuable asset.

This shift creates a fairer ecosystem where AI development benefits individuals, not just corporations.

## AI Agents + Decentralized Storage = The Next Leap

The future of AI isn’t just about accessing decentralized data; it’s about AI agents autonomously interacting with this data in a trustless environment. Projects like Fetch.ai, SingularityNET, and Ocean Protocol are pioneering this next wave by enabling AI agents to securely store, retrieve, and share decentralized data.

These AI agents operate without intermediaries, making unbiased decisions based on verifiable, tamper-proof data. This eliminates reliance on black-box AI models controlled by corporations and fosters a system where AI serves people transparently. For example:

[Nuklai Data](https://www.nukl.ai/) is enhancing AI efficiency through contextualized data storage, enabling AI models to understand and process data in a more meaningful way.

[Ocean Protocol](https://oceanprotocol.com/) is enabling private and permissioned data sharing for privacy-first AI operations, ensuring that sensitive data remains secure while still contributing to AI development.

[Autonome](https://www.autono.meme/) provides tools for developers to deploy AI agents and monetize them in decentralized marketplaces, creating new opportunities for innovation and collaboration.

This marks a new era where AI models are not only smarter but also fairer, more autonomous, and accountable.

## Who Owns AI: Big Tech vs. The People

Currently, AI development is dominated by a handful of powerful corporations that control data access, model training, and deployment. This centralized approach stifles creativity, limits accessibility, and prioritizes corporate interests over the public good.

However, [decentralized AI](https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/shaping-the-future-of-generative-ai-0) and blockchain-based storage offer a compelling alternative:

Open-Source AI Models: Provide full transparency, allowing anyone to audit how they function. Open-source AI models enable collaboration and innovation, as developers can build on existing models and contribute to their improvement.

Autonomous AI Agents: Operate independently, free from corporate control. These agents can perform tasks, make decisions, and interact with other agents without the need for intermediaries, creating a more efficient and equitable ecosystem.

Privacy-Preserving AI: Ensures users retain control over their data. Blockchain technology enables secure and private data sharing, allowing individuals and organizations to contribute to AI development without compromising their privacy.

Projects like [Eliza OS](https://www.elizaos.ai/), AIXBT, and Luna Virtuals are leading this movement, demonstrating how AI can be democratized when built on trustless, verifiable, and permissionless data.

## The Road Ahead: A Decentralized AI Revolution

The convergence of AI, blockchain, and [decentralized storage](https://www.theblock.co/learn/251865/decentralization-and-data-storage-in-cryptocurrenc) isn’t just a theoretical concept; it’s already shaping the future of technology. We’re entering an era where AI models are not only smarter but also more ethical, transparent, and accessible.

This shift is critical for ensuring AI serves humanity rather than corporate interests. The decentralized AI revolution will bring:

More Transparency: AI models trained on open and verifiable data, eliminating black-box decision-making. This transparency fosters trust and accountability, ensuring that AI systems are used responsibly.

Greater Accessibility: AI tools and datasets available to researchers, developers, and individuals without barriers. Decentralized storage and open-source models level the playing field, enabling anyone to contribute to and benefit from AI advancements.

Ethical AI Development: AI systems designed to prioritize user control, privacy, and unbiased decision-making. By decentralizing data and AI development, we can create systems that align with societal values and ethical principles.

Leading the charge are projects like Lighthouse, [Filecoin](https://filecoin.io/), [SingularityNET](https://singularitynet.io/), Ocean Protocol, and [Fetch.ai.](http://Fetch.ai) Their innovations are laying the foundation for a world where AI works for people, not against them.

## Are You Ready for the Decentralized AI Revolution?

The time to embrace a decentralized AI future is now. By leveraging blockchain technology, we can create AI systems that are transparent, accessible, and ethical. The decentralized AI revolution represents a fundamental shift in how we approach technology, placing power back into the hands of individuals and communities.

The question is: Are we ready to build an AI revolution that truly serves humanity? The tools and technologies are already here. It’s up to us to embrace them and create a future where AI is a force for good, empowering individuals and driving innovation for the benefit of all.

## Conclusion

The intersection of blockchain, AI, and decentralized data storage is more than just a technological advancement; it’s a movement toward a fairer, more transparent, and equitable future. By breaking free from centralized control, we can unlock the full potential of AI and ensure that it serves the needs of humanity, not just the interests of a few corporations.

As we move forward, it’s essential to support and invest in decentralized AI projects that prioritize transparency, accessibility, and ethical development. The decentralized AI revolution is not just a possibility, it’s a necessity. The future of technology depends on it. 

Are you ready to be a part of it?




The Role of Blockchain in AI & Data Storage: A Decentralized Future for Technology

## Welcome to the first edition of Lighthouse’s Monthly Update for 2025! 

The year has started off strong, and we’ve been making strides in decentralized storage, partnerships, and AI integrations. 

Here’s a recap of everything we’ve accomplished this month.

![image3.png](/uploads/image3_135bcc6650.png)
Launching Datahouse: Our Podcast on Decentralized Storage
We’re thrilled to introduce Datahouse, our brand-new podcast series dedicated to all things data storage! From emerging trends to deep dives into decentralized infrastructure, this podcast will be your go-to source for insights from industry leaders.

Catch the first episode here:
[https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1876276370659234208
](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1876276370659234208)


Expanding Reach: Lighthouse Now Supports Abstract Chain
Bringing decentralized storage to more ecosystems is at the heart of what we do. This month, we integrated with  AbstractChain, making it easier than ever for developers to store and retrieve data on-chain without worrying about centralization.

Check out the details here:
[https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1877332825353105671
](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1877332825353105671)

![image5.png](/uploads/image5_ba8787f9bd.png)
Powering AI with Secure Storage – CryptoEternalAI Integration
As AI continues to scale, so does the need for large, secure, and permanent data storage. This is where Lighthouse steps in! We’re ensuring 1Courier Inc, an AI-driven project by  CryptoEternalAI, has the infrastructure it needs to store and access data seamlessly.

Learn more about how AI & decentralized storage intersect:
[https://x.com/Filecoin/status/1877825266380095951
](https://x.com/Filecoin/status/1877825266380095951)


Enhancing User Experience with Radixdit Partnership
A good wallet experience is critical for any Web3 user, and our new collaboration with  radixdit ensures just that! Together, we’re working toward an optimized and secure wallet experience for managing decentralized storage.

Check out what this means for you:
[https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1879506979246559674
](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1879506979246559674)


![image4.png](/uploads/image4_17c4581663.png)
Strengthening AI Storage with Skynet
AI applications require reliable and efficient storage solutions, and our partnership with  Skynet_for_AI brings us one step closer to seamless AI storage solutions. This integration ensures that AI agents can store, access, and retrieve data with zero friction.
[https://x.com/Skynet_for_AI/status/1882120797277360562
](https://x.com/Skynet_for_AI/status/1882120797277360562)


![image1.png](/uploads/image1_a23c4ca6a4.png)
Securing Healthcare Data with  Hippocrat_io
Healthcare data is sensitive and needs to be stored securely. Our integration with  Hippocrat_io ensures that medical records and patient data are stored in an encrypted and decentralized manner on Filecoin, enhancing privacy and security for healthcare applications.

Learn more about our healthcare storage solutions:
[https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1884801071744168243
](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1884801071744168243)

What’s Next?
January was just the beginning of what’s set to be a game-changing year for decentralized storage and AI.

As we continue to build, integrate, and innovate, we’d love to hear from you! Which update excites you the most? What would you like to see next?


Lighthouse Monthly Update – January 2025 

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### Hey Hey,
I know we are a little late for the monthly recap but we were busy vibing at ETH Denver, hope you had fun as well. But now we are back, all charged up!

So let’s get started.
February was a month of breakthroughs for decentralized storage! 

From healthcare to travel, here’s what went down at Lighthouse this month

![image1.png](/uploads/image1_a23c4ca6a4.png)
#### Powering Privacy in Healthcare 
Partnered with @Hippocrat_io to secure patient-owned medical data on Filecoin.
Ensuring patient privacy, security & control over medical records.
[Read it here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1886278745159348713)

#### Lighthouse Whitepaper is LIVE! 
Unveiling the future of $HOUSE—the token fueling storage, access control & incentives.
[Read it here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1887726281212506360)

![67cf67371776a292427479db.jpeg](/uploads/67cf67371776a292427479db_e618455b30.jpeg)

#### Travel Meets Decentralized Storage 
Partnered with @Traveltorsocial to store travel memories securely on IPFS.
Users can store experiences permanently on IPFS with proof-of-attendance & location-based features.
[Read it here
](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1892966461829763457)

#### Lighthouse Explorer Launched! 
A real-time dashboard to track storage & token distributions.
View $FIL, $USDC & staked assets, analyze pool performance & access key metrics.
[Read it here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1892911597682635062)

![67cf68cb1776a29242747a26.jpeg](/uploads/67cf68cb1776a29242747a26_88d8bf6d22.jpeg)
#### Advancing Filecoin with @CIDgravity 
Teamed up with CIDgravity to enhance the Filecoin ecosystem.
Merging SP management tools with client-facing interfaces for seamless data solutions.
[Read it here
](https://x.com/Filecoin/status/1897032554009502017)

#### ETH Denver: Whitepaper Insights 📜
Spoke at Code 'n Corgi on the Lighthouse Whitepaper Summary.
Key insights from the talk: $HOUSE utility, storage economics & the future roadmap.
[Read it here
](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1896572042910253244)

#### AI x Web3 Hackathon Incoming!
Building the future of AI & decentralized data with @Filecoin.
Join  to build, innovate & shape the next wave of AI & Web3.
[Read it here](https://x.com/Filecoin/status/1895188151439860162?t=dXbeOOyh1hLFQZvbVaBx6g&s=19)

February set the stage!

We’re building bigger, better, and bolder in 2025.
Which update caught your attention the most? 

Lighthouse Monthly Update – February 2025

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Hey Lighthouse Fam 👋

April was nothing short of a breakthrough month for us! From protocol-level innovations to deep ecosystem integrations, we made solid strides in positioning Lighthouse as the go-to layer for decentralized storage. Let’s dive into what we’ve been up to:

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💸 Stable Payments with USDFC
We rolled out USDFC support—a FIL-backed stablecoin native to the Filecoin chain—to make storage payments predictable and smooth. Perfect for projects managing tight or recurring budgets.
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1917509270679294412)

📈 A New Way to Emit Tokens
Say hello to our Performance-Based Token Emission Model! Token distribution is now tied to real metrics—like data stored, active users, treasury growth, and governance activity—ensuring the network grows in lockstep with real usage.
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1917111275256955126)

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🌍 Meet the Ecosystem
We launched a brand new ecosystem page highlighting projects building with Lighthouse—spanning NFTs, AI, decentralized web, and more. Got something cool? Drop us a line!
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1908114704217657585)

♾️ Perpetual Storage Is Here
We introduced a yield-backed perpetual storage model—pay once, store forever. With interest-generating endowments covering long-term costs, this sets the foundation for $HOUSE integration.
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1915874640872018407)

![681bf80148232c60367262ba.jpeg](/uploads/681bf80148232c60367262ba_e8ef6fd52b.jpeg)

Webhash.eth’s 8,000+ dWebs
Lighthouse helped deploy thousands of decentralized websites—talk about scale!
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1910220764239835539)

SingularityNET x Lighthouse
Storing AI metadata for verifiable pipelines and model provenance.
[Read Here](https://x.com/Filecoin/status/1911448065531162768)

DeepSeek AI Integration
Now powering onchain AI workflows with decentralized storage of weights, datasets, and outputs.
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1909908898712056060)

Scratchable Monads on Monad
An NFT project with scratch-to-reveal logic, backed by Lighthouse’s data permanence.
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1909202169355727247)

![681bf9450fc32effd55355d3.png](/uploads/681bf9450fc32effd55355d3_811cf8bc39.png)

📈 A New Way to Emit Tokens
Say hello to our Performance-Based Token Emission Model! Token distribution is now tied to real metrics—like data stored, active users, treasury growth, and governance activity—ensuring the network grows in lockstep with real usage.
[Read Here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1917111275256955126)

![681bfb040fc32effd55355e7.jpeg](/uploads/681bfb040fc32effd55355e7_37512edab4.jpeg)

🏙️ Token2049 Dubai
Our team was on the ground engaging with AI Agents,Desci, RWA and DePin builders, exploring modular infra, and strengthening collaborations

🎤 CoinferenceX: Storytelling Infra
Founder Nandit gave a powerful talk on narrative-driven protocol growth:
“Narrative is King: How Stories, Not Data, Move Markets”
[Read Here](https://x.com/CoinferenceX/status/1916381861221400943)

🍛 Naan Fungible Dinner | 8th Edition – Dubai
We co-hosted the 8th Naan Fungible Dinner on May 2nd alongside StationX, Raga, and Lucidly—a sold-out evening of ideas, laughter, and Naan with the global Web3 fam. This format is fast becoming our favorite way to connect.


April was a whirlwind—stablecoin support, sustainable emissions, infra for RWAs and AI… it’s all happening. We’re laying serious groundwork for what’s next in Q2. Let’s keep building together. 🔦

Lighthouse Monthly Update – April 2025

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## Lighthouse May 2025 Update – AI Memory, Cross-Chain Launches, and Turby the Mascot
Explore Lighthouse's May 2025 advancements: partnerships with Codatta, Filecoin integration across Base and Cardano, AI memory innovations, and the debut of our new Web3 mascot, Turby.




### 🔧 Tech Updates: Scaling AI and Storage Innovation

![image7.png](/uploads/image7_f165c6f614.png)
1. Partnership with Codatta
We've partnered with Codatta to enhance decentralized knowledge storage. This collaboration ensures high-quality datasets benefit from permanent, censorship-resistant storage, bolstering access and reliability across AI applications.
[Read here](https://x.com/codatta_io/status/1928723142404690032)

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2. Encryptum’s Decentralized AI Memory Proposal
Encryptum has proposed a groundbreaking AI memory system utilizing Lighthouse for long-term Filecoin storage and Arweave for immutable logs. Powered by MCP compute on RunOnFlux, this integration aims to empower AI with secure, decentralized memory.
[Read here](https://x.com/Encryptumio/status/1928017294346834282)

![image3.png](/uploads/image3_95637e9159.png)
3. Blockfrost x Filecoin on Cardano
Through Lighthouse, Blockfrost has activated Filecoin storage for Cardano. This integration offers end-to-end encryption, perpetual data retention, and multi-chain smart contract compatibility, all within a unified decentralized framework.
[Read here](https://x.com/blockfrost_io/status/1925270801017614703)

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4. Lighthouse Now Live on Base
We're thrilled to announce that Lighthouse is now live on Base! Users can store data on IPFS/Filecoin using USDC or USDT, enjoy cross-chain compatibility via Axelar, and leverage built-in encryption and token gating features.
[Read here](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3/status/1920730732399653147)

![image2.png](/uploads/image2_1c41d0750a.png)
5. NuklaiData’s Global AI Training Layer
NuklaiData is developing a shared metadata and dataset layer for AI training. Utilizing Lighthouse and Filecoin, this initiative supports cross-domain knowledge systems and advances ethical AI model development.
[Read here](https://x.com/Filecoin/status/1925313174988857770)

6. SingularityNET Completes Filecoin Phase One
SingularityNET has completed Phase 1 of Filecoin integration using Lighthouse, establishing a robust decentralized cloud stack. This milestone advances the creation of Web3-native compute and storage solutions for AI systems.
[Read here](https://x.com/FilecoinTLDR/status/1924940819427164554)


### 🎙️ Community Engagements: Voice of the Builders


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DePIN & AI AMA with Sending Network
On May 27, Lighthouse joined AgentDefi, TheVapeLabs, and Sending Network in an engaging AMA session. The discussion focused on DePIN, AI infrastructure, and decentralized tooling. Catch the replay here.
[Read here](https://x.com/Sending_Network/status/1925863899905085644)

### 🎙️ 🌐 Ecosystem Mentions: Spotlight & Mascot Magic

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Meet Turby – Your New Favorite Web3 Mascot!
Introducing Turby, the encrypted turtle champion of Web3 storage. Fast, friendly, and ahead of the current, Turby brings Lighthouse to life with fun, function, and flair. Follow Turby’s adventures on our socials and let the waves begin!


### 🚀 Wrapping Up: Lighthouse Builds the Future

May was a month of significant progress: from AI-native storage proposals and cross-chain launches to major ecosystem integrations and the introduction of Turby. We're not just building technology—we're laying the foundation for an open, intelligent, and unstoppable decentralized future.
Let’s continue pushing boundaries—together.
👉 Read our [latest blog post](https://lighthouse.storage/blogs/Lighthouse%20Monthly%20Update%20%E2%80%93%20April%202025)
👉 Follow Turby on [X](https://x.com/LighthouseWeb3) , [Telegram](https://t.me/LighthouseStorage) & [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/c4a4CGCdJG) for behind-the-scenes updates


Lighthouse Monthly Update – May 2025

Read our latest blog